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Cardio > Arrhythmias with pics > Flashcards

Arrhythmias with pics Flashcards

1
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

-asystole

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2
Q

how to treat asystole?

A
  • non shockable rhythm
  • 1 mg adrenaline every 3 to 5 mins
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3
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

-atrial flutter

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4
Q

how does atrial flutter present on ECG?

A
  • atrial rate>300bpm
  • ventricular rate >150bpm
  • regular saw tooth wave
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5
Q

treatment for atrial flutter?

A

FOR RHYTHM CONTROL:

  • DCCV
  • ablation

FOR RATE CONTROL:

1st line BB/CBB

2nd line digoxin

3rd line amiodarone

anticoagulants

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6
Q

how does atrial fibrillation present on ECG?

A
  • irregularly irregular with no P waves
  • atrial rate >300bpm
  • ventricular rate varies
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7
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

atrial fibrillation

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8
Q

treatment for atrial fibrillation?

A

Same treatment as atrial flutter

FOR RHYTHM CONTROL

  • DCCV
  • ablation

FOR RATE CONTROL

1st line BB/CCB

2nd line digoxin

3rd line amiodarone

anticoagulants

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9
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

pericarditis

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10
Q

how does pericarditis present on an ECG?

A
  • saddle shaped ST segment
  • PR depression
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11
Q

How does Brugada syndome present on ECG?

A

ST elevation anf RBBB in V1-3

May have AF too

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12
Q

How does congenital long QT syndrome present on an ECG?

A
  • QT prolongation (>0.44s in males and >0.45s in females)
  • Torsades de Pointes (polymorphic VT)
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13
Q

What does this ECG show?

A

Torsades de Pointes (ventricular tachycardia)

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14
Q

How to treat congenital long QT syndrome?

A
  • BB
  • avoid QT prolonging drugs and triggers
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15
Q

How does first degree heart block present on an ECG?

A
  • PR interval is prolonged (>0.2s)
  • regular and no missed beats
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16
Q

How does Mobitz Type 1 present on an ECG?

A

-Progressively lengthening PR interval until a beat (QRS complex) is dropped

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17
Q

How does Mobitz Type 2 present?

A

-PR interval is constant but the P wave is often not followed by QRS complex

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18
Q

How does third degree/ complete heart block present on an ECG?

A
  • there is no association between the P waves and QRS complexes
  • usually more P waves than there are QRS complexes
19
Q
A
20
Q

What does this ECG show?

A

Long QT syndrome

21
Q

What does this ECG show?

A

First degree heart block

22
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

Mobitz type 1

23
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

Mobitz type 2

24
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

complete heart block

25
Q

management for first degree heart block?

A

-monitoring in case of progression

26
Q

management of Mobitz type 1?

A

-monitoring

27
Q

treatment for Mobitz type 2?

A

-pacing

28
Q

management for complete heart block?

A

-pacing

29
Q

How does supraventricular tachycardia present on an ECG?

A

rate>100bpm

QRS complex duration <120ms (narrow complex)

30
Q

what is shown on this ECG?

A

supraventricular tachycardia

31
Q

management of acute and chronic supraventricular tahcycardia

A

ACUTE:

  • valsalva/carotid massage
  • IV adenosine/IV verapamil
  • if compromised DCCV

CHRONIC:

  • avoid stimulants
  • radiofrequency ablation therapy
  • BB
32
Q

How does ventricular fibrillation present on an ECG?

A
  • irregularly irregular
  • no QRS
33
Q

what is shown on this ECG?

A

ventricular fibrillation

34
Q

how to manage ventricular fibrillation?

A
  • defib
  • CPR
35
Q

how does ventricular tachycardia present on an ECG?

A
  • rate>100bpm
  • QRS duration>1.2s (borad complex)
36
Q

what is shown on this ECG?

A

ventricular tachycardia

37
Q

how to treat acute ventricular tachycardia?

A

Unstable- DCCV

Stable- consider pharmacologic cardioversion with AAD, in meantime prepare for DCCV

38
Q

what to do if unsure if it is VT or something else?

A

test using adenosine

39
Q

management for chronic ventricular tachycardia?

A
  • correction ischaemia if possible (revascularisation)
  • optimise congestive heart failure therapies
  • ICD if life threatening
  • VT catheter ablation
40
Q

anti arrhythmic drugs given for VT?

A

none, data has shown them to be ineffective and associated with worse outcomes

41
Q

how does Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome present on ECG?

A
  • delta waves (slurred upstroke)
  • short PR interval
  • secondary ST changes
42
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome

43
Q

what to do if patient has supraventricular tachycardia, valsalva failed and BP is 85/65mmHg?

A

-DCCV for tachyarrhythmias when systolic BP<90mmHg

Cardio (37 decks)

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