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Cardio > Arrhythmias with pics > Flashcards

Arrhythmias with pics Flashcards

1
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

-asystole

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2
Q

how to treat asystole?

A
  • non shockable rhythm
  • 1 mg adrenaline every 3 to 5 mins
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3
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

-atrial flutter

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4
Q

how does atrial flutter present on ECG?

A
  • atrial rate>300bpm
  • ventricular rate >150bpm
  • regular saw tooth wave
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5
Q

treatment for atrial flutter?

A

FOR RHYTHM CONTROL:

  • DCCV
  • ablation

FOR RATE CONTROL:

1st line BB/CBB

2nd line digoxin

3rd line amiodarone

anticoagulants

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6
Q

how does atrial fibrillation present on ECG?

A
  • irregularly irregular with no P waves
  • atrial rate >300bpm
  • ventricular rate varies
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7
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

atrial fibrillation

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8
Q

treatment for atrial fibrillation?

A

Same treatment as atrial flutter

FOR RHYTHM CONTROL

  • DCCV
  • ablation

FOR RATE CONTROL

1st line BB/CCB

2nd line digoxin

3rd line amiodarone

anticoagulants

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9
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

pericarditis

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10
Q

how does pericarditis present on an ECG?

A
  • saddle shaped ST segment
  • PR depression
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11
Q

How does Brugada syndome present on ECG?

A

ST elevation anf RBBB in V1-3

May have AF too

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12
Q

How does congenital long QT syndrome present on an ECG?

A
  • QT prolongation (>0.44s in males and >0.45s in females)
  • Torsades de Pointes (polymorphic VT)
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13
Q

What does this ECG show?

A

Torsades de Pointes (ventricular tachycardia)

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14
Q

How to treat congenital long QT syndrome?

A
  • BB
  • avoid QT prolonging drugs and triggers
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15
Q

How does first degree heart block present on an ECG?

A
  • PR interval is prolonged (>0.2s)
  • regular and no missed beats
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16
Q

How does Mobitz Type 1 present on an ECG?

A

-Progressively lengthening PR interval until a beat (QRS complex) is dropped

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17
Q

How does Mobitz Type 2 present?

A

-PR interval is constant but the P wave is often not followed by QRS complex

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18
Q

How does third degree/ complete heart block present on an ECG?

A
  • there is no association between the P waves and QRS complexes
  • usually more P waves than there are QRS complexes
20
Q

What does this ECG show?

A

Long QT syndrome

21
Q

What does this ECG show?

A

First degree heart block

22
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

Mobitz type 1

23
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

Mobitz type 2

24
Q

what does this ECG show?

A

complete heart block

25
management for first degree heart block?
-monitoring in case of progression
26
management of Mobitz type 1?
-monitoring
27
treatment for Mobitz type 2?
-pacing
28
management for complete heart block?
-pacing
29
How does supraventricular tachycardia present on an ECG?
rate\>100bpm QRS complex duration \<120ms (narrow complex)
30
what is shown on this ECG?
supraventricular tachycardia
31
management of acute and chronic supraventricular tahcycardia
ACUTE: - valsalva/carotid massage - IV adenosine/IV verapamil - if compromised DCCV CHRONIC: - avoid stimulants - radiofrequency ablation therapy - BB
32
How does ventricular fibrillation present on an ECG?
- irregularly irregular - no QRS
33
what is shown on this ECG?
ventricular fibrillation
34
how to manage ventricular fibrillation?
- defib - CPR
35
how does ventricular tachycardia present on an ECG?
- rate\>100bpm - QRS duration\>1.2s (borad complex)
36
what is shown on this ECG?
ventricular tachycardia
37
how to treat acute ventricular tachycardia?
Unstable- DCCV Stable- consider pharmacologic cardioversion with AAD, in meantime prepare for DCCV
38
what to do if unsure if it is VT or something else?
test using adenosine
39
management for chronic ventricular tachycardia?
- correction ischaemia if possible (revascularisation) - optimise congestive heart failure therapies - ICD if life threatening - VT catheter ablation
40
anti arrhythmic drugs given for VT?
none, data has shown them to be ineffective and associated with worse outcomes
41
how does Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome present on ECG?
- delta waves (slurred upstroke) - short PR interval - secondary ST changes
42
what does this ECG show?
Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome
43
what to do if patient has supraventricular tachycardia, valsalva failed and BP is 85/65mmHg?
-DCCV for tachyarrhythmias when systolic BP\<90mmHg

Cardio (39 decks)

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