cadiac cycle-physiology

Question 1

what are the stages of the cardiac cycle

Answer 1

passive filling, atrial contraction, isovolumetric ventricular contraction, ventricular ejection and isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

Question 2

what occurs during passive filling

Answer 2

dyastole of the heart, the AV valves open and the ventricles fill by 80%

Question 3

what occurs during atrial contraction

Answer 3

the P wave on the ECG represents atrial depolarisation, the PR interval shows atrial contraction and when the atrial pressure> ventricular pressure the AV valves open

Question 4

what occurs during isovolumetric ventricular contraction

Answer 4

when ventricular pressure > atrial pressure, AV valves shut causing the LUB sound and the ventricle is isolated

Question 5

what occurs during ventricular ejection

Answer 5

when ventricular pressure>aortic pressure, SL valves open

Question 6

what occurs during isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

Answer 6

when aortic pressure> ventricular pressure causing the SL valves to shut causing the DUB sound and the T wave shows repolarisation

Question 7

how many potential heart sounds are there?

Answer 7

4

Question 8

what does the first heart sound indicate?

Answer 8

closing of SL valves

Question 9

Is the first heart sound systolic or diastolic?

Answer 9

systolic

Question 10

What does the second heart sound indicate?

Answer 10

closing of AV valves

Question 11

is the second heart sound systolic or diastolic?

Answer 11

diastolic

Question 12

what does the physiological splitting of the second heart sound indicate?

Answer 12

normal in children if not pathological