Quantification & Costing Flashcards
Strip Foundation Take Off
- Excavation,
- disposal,
- compaction,
- formwork,
- blinding,
- hardcore,
- concrete.
Drainage Take Off
- Excavating trenches stating average depth (500mm increments)
- Granular bed
- Pipe type and size
- Backfill and disposal of excess excavated material
- Manholes; type and size
- Connection to existing drains.
NRM1 Cost Plan Structure:
0; Facilitating Works
1-8; Building works (see separate breakdown)
9; Preliminaries
10; Overhead & Profit
- Works Cost Estimate (Construction)
11; Design Team Fees:
Architect, Civils, M&E, Project Manager, Quantity Surveyor, Principal Designer
12; Other development:
Finance, Planning, Insurances, Party wall, Marketing, Ecology, Archaeology etc.
- Base Cost Estimate (Development)
13; Risk Allowances:
Design Development, Construction Risk, Employer Change, Employer Other
- Cost Limit exc. Inflation (Dev & Con x Inflation)
- Construction Inflation (tender return to the mid-point of the construction programme) Tender Inflation (cost plan date to tender return)
- Cost Limit Inc. inflation (Dev & Con inc. Inflation)
VAT assessment (requirement to be assessed by a tax specialist)
Dayworks
- Prime cost of the works with a percentage uplift.
- Contractor must provide dayworks sheets within 7 days of works. - Materials, labour, plant & OHP.
- Used when works cannot be quantified prior.
- E.g. breaking out obstructions in the ground as the extent of work is only known after it has been completed.
Principles of Measurement International (POMI)
- International guidance for producing a BoQ (RICS).
- Widely used on international contracts
- e.g. Works procured and managed in the UK but works located abroad. (International Equivalent to NRM2)
BIM
- Building Information Modelling creates and manages information over the course of a construction project lifecycle.
- Not widely adopted due to:
- cost,
- training,
- software integration.
Cost Approaches (detail)
GIA - £/m2
Strategic
Functional -£/per bed/person etc; Resi, Flats, Houses - Hospital; Beds – School; Nr of students
Feasibility
Elemental – NRM; Substructure, Superstructure etc
OoCE
Element – Ground Floor Slab, Upper Floor, Roof, External wall
Formal Cost Plan
Piled Foundation Take Off
- End bearing, bored pile;
- Excavate & dispose to formation level,
- piling mat,
- setup piling rig,
- excavate,
- dispose,
- place concrete, reinforcement,
- pile caps,
- cut off heads,
- testing
What would you do if you weren’t sure on how to measure something?
I would review NRM1 if I was undertaking costing for a Cost Plan or NRM2 if more detail was required
GFS Take Off
- excavate,
- dispose,
- compact ground,
- hardcore,
- insulation,
- damp proof membrane,
- concrete,
- screed (consistent level for racking)
Kings Tower - NIA to GIA
- 15k m2-
- Existing building inc to make communal area.
- Reduced Net to Gross to 75%
- 80% typical
BoQ vs CSA Princess Street
- 12 unit apartment so works considered simple in nature - CSA adequate to capture works
- BoQ appropriate if works complex to facilitate tender comparison and accurate valuation
NRM 2 - Foundation excavation
- NRM 2
- State ground level
- M3 Excavation not exc 2m, 2-4m, 2m stages after
- NRM 1
- Foundation confirmed as M - depth, width stated
Difference between NRM 1 vs 2
NRM 1 - Cost planning (pre-contract)
NRM 2 - Detailed measurement (post-contract i.e. trade package award - greater detail required)
Importance of Measurement Rules
- Provide consistency to measurement of construction works which allows comparison on a like for like basis.
CESMM4 vs NRM 2
- CESMM4 is used for civil engineering projects which typically have higher quantities but less variety of materials.
- The different approach to measurement makes quantification easier/more accurate.
I understand that costing construction work varies dependent on which Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) stage the project is at. For example, costing approach would differ from the feasibility stage compared to RIBA stage 4.
- 0 Strategic - Identify Client requirements, feasibility (budget and risks)
Cost Model (£/m2) - 1 Preparation - Project brief & outcomes, quality aspirations, further feasibility, site info and surveys, programme, project execution plan
Order of Cost Estimate - 2 Concept - Arch concept design, outline specification
Formal Cost Plan 1 - 3 Spatial - Developed design and costing
Formal Cost Plan 2 - 4 Technical - Developed arc, eng, civil design, building systems
PTE
Different buildings can be used in very different ways and as such I appreciate the importance of following the guidelines within the Code of Measurement Practice.
- GLOBAL BEST PRACTICE FRAMEWORK FOR MEASURING PROPERTY AREAS (consistency)
- GEA, GIA, NIA International Property Measurement Standards (IPMS)
- IPMS 1, 2 and 3 are more inclusive in measurement then GEA, GIA and NIA.
- Included but stated separately; areas with limited height (less than 1.5m), Areas with limited natural light, Internal structural walls / columns.
- e.g. balconies excluded GIA, IPMS stated separately
Meole Brace - When completing a RIBA stage 2 (should be 1) Order of Cost Estimate I quantified elements such as the ground floor slab by making design assumptions and utilising composite rates.
- OoCE GFS = £150/m2
- Formal Cost Plan:
- Excavation and disposal
- Compacting
- Hardcore fill
- Blinding bed
- Damp proof membrane
- Insulation
- Concrete
- Formwork
- Reinforced mesh
- Power float finish
Which RIBA stage would you do an OoCE?
- RIBA Stage 1
- *Note you have referred to Stage 2 in SoE
UPS
Early on in the project a redundant drainage run was identified which needed to be removed. I engaged with the Main Contractor in order to establish how best to agree a costs for the works.
What were the key components of work? Type of pipe, depth?
- Prime cost of the works with a percentage uplift.
- Contractor must provide dayworks sheets within 7 days of works. Materials, labour, plant & OHP.
- Used when works cannot be quantified prior. E.g. breaking out obstructions in the ground as the extent of work is only known after it has been completed.
- Old ceramic style drainage run circa 1m deep
- Break out, dispose, back fill onsite material
- Onsite Project Manager was able to confirm dayworks sheets aligned with submission. 2 days work to remove entire run
Wrexham
On the project there was a Provisional Sum included for the substation base. When the substation base design information became available, I reviewed the validity of the Main Contractors price from both a quantity and a cost perspective to ensure the change was in line with the contract.
- Size and location TBC at time of contract execution
- 3m by 3m, 1m deep
- £3k Prov Sum
- Quantity smaller so small saving £2k
What is a substation?
- Electricity is distributed at HV
- the voltage is lowered so it can enter our homes and businesses at a usable level.
Oxford, Residential Apartments
I produced the pricing document for the scheme which was done by using RICS New Rules of Measurement 2 (should be 1). Producing the pricing document (Contract Sum Analysis) aided in ensuring all components of work were covered and so tender returns could be readily compared to one another.
- Set out works with NRM 1
- Prelims (Fixed & Time) e.g. OHP, Security, Consultant fees
