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Quality Flashcards

1
Q

Manage Quality

A

Translates quality mgmt plan into executable quality activities

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2
Q

Control Quality TnT (Attitude CONTROL of DSCS III)

A

TIMD3

Testing/Product evaluations

Inspection

Meetings

Data Analysis (e.g. Performance reviews, Root-Cause Analysis)

Data Gathering (e.g. Checklists, Checksheets, Sampling, Surveys)

Data Representation (e.g C&E, CONTROL CHARTS, Histogram, Scatter diagram)

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3
Q

Plan Quality Mgmt TnT

A

METD4 (Quality must be met)

Meetings

Expert Judgment

Test and Inspection Planning

Cost Benefit Analysis
Cost of Quality

Data gathering (e.g. benchmarking, brainstorming)

Data analysis (e.g. Cost Benefit Analysis, Cost of Quality)

Decision Making (e.g. multicriteria analysis)

Data Representation (Flow Charts, Logical Data Model, Matrix Diagrams, Mindmapping)

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4
Q

Work Performance Data

A

Raw data

Comes from Direct and Mange Work and ONLY from Direct and Manage Work

Input to M&C

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5
Q

Control Quality

A

Monitoring & Recording

Ensure products are complete, correct, and customer expectations are met (C3)

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6
Q

Work Performance Reports

A

Created from Information

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7
Q

Plan Quality Mgmt

A

Identifying Quality Rqmts
Documenting How project will demonstrate compliance
How quality will managed and verified throughout process

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8
Q

Quality Mgmt Plan

A

Part of PMP

Describes how applicable
   Policies
   Procedures
   Guidelines
will get you to quality objectives

😢Does not contain the quality standards

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9
Q

Quality Rqmt

A

Used to assess conformance by validating acceptability of some attribute

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10
Q

Quality Metrics

A

How to ensure some Project or product attribute

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11
Q

Change

A

Modification to any formally controlled deliverable, PMP component, or project document

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12
Q

Deliverable

A

Any unique & verifiable product, result, or capability to complete a project

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13
Q

Quality Report

A

Rcmds Quality Mgmt Issues

Summary of Work Performance Information

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14
Q

Precision

A

Measure of exactness

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15
Q

Accuracy

A

Assessment of correctness

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16
Q

Benchmarking

A

Comparing Processes and operations to those in comparable org’s to determine best practices

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17
Q

Continuous Quality Improvement

A

Focuses on continuous incremental improvements (Kaizen)

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18
Q

Plan-Do-Check-Act

A

(Shewart & Deming)

Plan: Establish Objectives
Do: Implement Plan
Check: Compare measurements against expected results
Act: Analyze differences to determine cause

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19
Q

Processes for Deliverables

A

Direct & Manage Work
Control Quality
Validate Scope
Close

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20
Q

Outputs of Direct and manage work

A 
QWAD
Quality Metrics
Work Performance Data
Accepted Change Requests
DELIVERABLES
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21
Q

Outputs of Control Quality

A 
"QWAD"V
Quality Measurements
Work Performance Information
Change Requests
VERIFIED DELIVERABLES
Validated Changes
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22
Q

Outputs of Validate Scope

A

ACCEPTED DELIVERABLES

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23
Q

Probability Distribution

A

Represents the likelihood of different outcomes from a chance event

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24
Q

Median

A

Point where 50% of results are above mean, and 50% are below mean

Mean=Mode=Median for normal distribution

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25
Mode
Most frequent data point
26
1 sigma
68% of values above AND below mean
27
2 sigma
95% of values are above AND below mean
28
3 sigma
99.7% of values are above AND below mean
29
Cumulative Distribution
``` 0 to - 3 sigma : 0.15% 0 to - 2 sigma: 2.25% 0 to - 1 sigma: 16% 0 to +1 sigma: 84% 0 to +2 sigma: 97.75% 0 to + 3 sigma: 99.85% ```
30
Control Limits
Set by process | How well we control the process
31
Tolerances
Set by customer | what customer will accept
32
Inspection
Reactive | Catching errors before customer does
33
Prevention
Proactive | Keeping errors out of process
34
Control Quality Inputs
``` QDDAW Quality Metrics Deliverables (come to quality control to be measured for correctness) PMP Work Performance Data Approved change requests ```
35
Control Quality Tools and Techniques
``` Data Analysis Data Gathering (SHP2C3) Statistical Sampling Inspection Approved CR review ```
36
7 Quality Tools
``` SHP2C3 (Ishakwa) Scatter Diagram Histogram Pareto Process (Flow charts) Cause and Effect Diagrams Control Diagrams Check Sheets ```
37
Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
Prioritizing project risks for further analysis or action
38
Grade
Category for products having same use but different characteristics
39
CONFORMANCE to Requirements
Ensure project produces what it said would produce (Crosby)
40
FITNESS FOR USE
Product satisfies a real need (Juran)
41
Design for X
experiment to determine what factors have the most influence on a specific variable
42
Goleman
"MAN" | EI
43
Goldratt
Critical Chain Method Force planning to work toward end goals, not end dates Continuous crashing
44
Parkinson
Work expands to fill the time
45
Juran
Quality=Fitness for Use
46
Crosby
Quality = Conformance to requirements Quality is free 0 defects are possible
47
Deming
TQM: Quality is everyone's responsibility
48
Shewart & Deming
Plan-Do-Check-Act | Puppies Do Cry Alot
49
Ishakawa
7 Tools SHP2C3 SH (As in ISHakawa)
50
Taguchi
Lose Function: Loss in value progressively increases as variation increases from intended condition Think of Gucci bag imitators
51
Pareto
Chart named after him
52
Tuckman
``` 5 Stage of Team Development Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning ```
53
Maslow
``` Hierarchy of Needs 5 levels Physiological Safety Love/Belonging Esteem Self-Actualization ```
54
McGregor
(Highlander) Theory X: Workers are NOT Motivated Theory Y: Workers ARE Motivated
55
McClelland
``` Field Training Acquired Needs Theory Need for Achievement Need for Power Need for Affiliation ```
56
Herzberg
H(erzberg)= H(ygiene) | Hygiene Factors Not enough to motivate workers
57
Ouchi
Theory Z | Increase worker loyalty by considering all aspects of the individual worker (work and home)
58
Vroom
Expectancy Theory | People need to believe they can be successful
59
Perform Quality Assurance vs. Control Quality
Improving Processes vs. Measuring Products More managerial vs. More technical More big picture vs. More detailed INPUT: Quality control measurements (processes) vs. OUTPUT: Quality Control Measurements (products)
60
Process Decision Program Charts
Identify Consequential impact of failure on activity plans Create appropriate contingency plans to limit risk Used to understand a goal in relation to the steps for getting to the goal
61
Interrelationship Digraphs
Tool displays interrelated cause-and-effect relationships and factors Describes desired outcomes
62
Prioritization Matrix
Pair-wise comparisons* is used to prioritize items and describe them in terms of weighted criteria * Judging items in pairs to judge which of each entry is preferred
63
Quality Audits
Review by someone outside project team to determine how we're doing from a quality standpoint
64
Perform Quality Assurance includes
the improvement of quality processes
65
Deliverables are
An input to Perform Quality Assurance
66
What is process analysis
A Tool and Technique of Perform Quality Assurance
67
What is the tool used to understand a goal in relation to the steps for getting to the goal
Process Decision Program Charts
68
Is "Measuring Deliverables (products)" an action of Control Quality or Validate Scope?
Both
69
Is control quality performed internally or by the customer
Internally
70
When is control quality performed
Usually before validate scope
71
If the product fails "Control Quality" can the customer accept it anyway?
Yes
72
Who performs "validate scope"
By the customer
73
When is "validate scope" performed?
Usually after "Control Quality"
74
If the product passes "Control Quality" does the customer have to accept it
No. He can fail it as part of validate scope
75
The requirements and traceability matrix are
Inputs to Validate Scope
76
Quality metrics are
An OUTPUT of plan quality | An INPUT to control quality
77
Control Quality is
Monitoring specific project results to determine if they comply with relevant quality standards and identifying ways to eliminate causes of unsatisfactory performance

PMP (16 decks)

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