Q2 Hemolymphatic

Question 1

What would signify a high percentage of cells in the bone marrow (hyperplasia)

Answer 1

Super red!

Question 2

Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Answer 2

Occurs outside of bone marrow, usually during stress or disease states

Question 3

7 causes of aplastic anemia

Answer 3

chemical agents, infectious agents, idiopathic, neoplasia, myelofibrosis, inflammation, serous atrophy of fat

Question 4

myelophthisis

Answer 4

replacement of hematopoietic tissue (therefore suppresses normal hematopoiesis): neoplasia, myelofibrosis, inflammation

Question 5

reticulocytosis

Answer 5

responsive increase in bone marrow erythropoiesis (REGENERATIVE)

Question 6

hemolytic anemia

Answer 6

increased rate of erythrocyte destruction

Question 7

what is a common symptom for both intravascular and extravascular hemolytic anemia

Answer 7

icterus (jaundice) from hyperbilirubinemia

Question 8

what do you see grossly from extravascular hemolysis?

Answer 8

meaty splenomegaly bc hyperplastic splenic macrophages

Question 9

IMHA

Answer 9

extravascular, has a marked regenerative response and causes thromboembolic disease, antibodies to own RBCs opsonize for splenic macrophages

Question 10

neonatal isoerythrolysis

Answer 10

basically IMHA but antibodies are from maternal colostrum, most common in horses

Question 11

what is the most common symptom of intravascular hemolysis

Answer 11

hemoglobinemia/uria

Question 12

bacillary hemoglobinuria

Answer 12

C. hemolyticum or C. novyi can proliferate following liver necrosis (often flukes), producing toxins that directly damage the RBC membranes

Question 13

what does brown blood indicate?

Answer 13

methemoglobinemia from exposure to oxidants (copper, nitrate, red maple leaf, acetaminophen)

Question 14

most common cause of non-regenerative anemia (no reticulocytes)

Answer 14

chronic inflammation

Question 15

lymphoma clinical signs

Answer 15

organomegaly, non-regenerative anemia, and hypercalcemia (PTHrP)

Question 16

most common pathology of lymphoma in cats

Answer 16

FeLV associated T cell lymphoma in young cats (GI if in older cats)

Question 17

most common lymphoma pathology in dogs

Answer 17

organomegaly and generalized lymphadenopathy, B cell

Question 18

most common lymphoma pathology in cattle

Answer 18

B cell from BLV in older cattle, t cell in young cattle

Question 19

lymphoma pathology in horses (uncommon)

Answer 19

T cell rich B cell, cutaneous

Question 20

plasmacytoma

Answer 20

benign on skin, malignant and amyloidosis in GI

Question 21

multiple myeloma

Answer 21

malignant plasma cells in bone marrow, vertebrae most common site

Question 22

4 common signs of multiple myeloma

Answer 22

1. plasma cells >30% of marrow
2. osteolysis
3. monoclonal gammopathy
4. light chain proteinuria

Question 23

what two clin path findings are consistent with multiple myeloma

Answer 23

hypercalcemia (osteolysis and PTHrP) and hyperglobulinemia

Question 24

histiocytoma

Answer 24

benign, young dogs, spontaneous regression

Question 25

reactive histiocytosis

Answer 25

cutaneous or systemic (bernese mountain dogs)

Question 26

histiocytic sarcoma

Answer 26

nodular lesions in spleen, lung, LN, lots of giant cells

Question 27

what are two feline specific histiocytic proliferative disorders

Answer 27

feline progressive histioctosis (progressively malignant) and pulmonary histiocytosis

Question 28

causes of a bloody spleen

Answer 28

congestion from GDV, barbituates, acute hyperemia or hemolytic anemia

Question 29

siderotic plaques

Answer 29

raised tan plaques on spleen from healing of previous trauma, incidental in geriatric patients

Question 30

splenosis

Answer 30

splenic parenchyma forms daughter spleens after splenic rupture (will appear like seeded hemangiosarcs)

Question 31

thymoma

Answer 31

epithelial in origin, common in older goats, can cause myasthenia gravis

Question 32

what causes caseous lymphadenitis in sheep?

Answer 32

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis