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PATH > Q2 GI > Flashcards

Q2 GI Flashcards

1
Q

brachygnathia superior

A

underbite lol

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2
Q

cheilitis

A

lips inflammation

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3
Q

faucitis

A

caudal oral cavity inflammation

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4
Q

bovine papular stomatitis

A

caused by parapox virus, relatively self-limiting

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5
Q

foot and mouth disease

A

foreign disease and very important to contact state vet, vesicular stomatitis (mostly cattle)

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6
Q

vesicular stomatitis virus

A

only vesicular disease of horses

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7
Q

calicivirus

A

vesicular and ulcerative stomatitis (exanthema in swine and bad in cats)

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8
Q

BVDV cause and pathogenesis of mucosal disease

A

pestivirus, in utero exposure to non-cytopathic strain between 30-110 days of gestation, leads to PI, then exposure to cytopathic strain as a calf peyer’s patch necrosis

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9
Q

malignant catarrhal fever

A

OHV-2 infects cattle and causes hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and corneal opacity (vascultitis)

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10
Q

ulcerative glossitis

A

classic presentation of uremia

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11
Q

pseudomembranous glossitis

A

candida infection, often immunosuppressed

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12
Q

lumpy jaw

A

actinomycosis, pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis

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13
Q

wooden tongue

A

actinobacillosis causes glossitis with fibrosis

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14
Q

what are two immune mediated pathologies that can causes oral lesions?

A

eosinophilic granuloma complex and chronic lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis in cats

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15
Q

most common malignant oral tumor in dogs vs cats

A

melanoma vs SCC

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16
Q

what causes enamel hypoplasia

A

ameloblast destruction (distemper or fluoride)

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17
Q

what is a benign neoplasia in the canine mouth

A

peripheral odontogenic fibroma from periodontal ligament

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18
Q

what are some potential causes of acquired megaesophagus

A

myasthenia gravis, hypothyroidism, lead toxicity

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19
Q

parasitic esophagitis

A

spirocerca lupi infection where larvae migrate from the stomach to the aorta (causes fibrosarcomas)

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20
Q

common agents of bacterial rumenitis

A

trueperella or fusobacterium, can result in abscesses in the liver too!

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21
Q

common agents of fungal rumenitis

A

aspergillus or zygomycetes

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22
Q

normal finding specific to the porcine stomach

A

torus pyloricus, not tumor

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23
Q

abomasitis in calves

A

clostridium infection in young calves, hemorrhage and gas bubbles

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24
Q

uremic gastritis

A

can causes mineralization of vessels and ulceration

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25
Q

hemonchus contortus

A

lives in abomasum, severe anemia and hypoproteinemia, subcutaneous edema (bottle jaw)

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26
Q

ostertagia ostertagi

A

thickened, cobblestone abomasal mucosa (proliferation of mucus cells)

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27
Q

draschia magastoma

A

causes large, mass granuloma looking things called brood pouches

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28
Q

what two neoplasms cause gastric ulceration in dogs

A

gastrinomas, mast cell tumors

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29
Q

common canine gastric neoplasia

A

adenocarcinoma near pylorus

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30
Q

common equine gastric neoplasm

A

SCC

31
Q

what does a leiomyoma look like in a dog

A

mucosa intact, not inflitrative

32
Q

what types of things causes hypersecretory diarrhea?

A

inflammation and enterotoxins

33
Q

what type of diarrhea is often paired with altered motility

A

hypersecretory

34
Q

parvoviruses

A

cause severe crypt necrosis, segmental hyperemia (granular appearance)

35
Q

coronaviruses

A

villus atrophy but crypts regenerative

36
Q

pythiosis in dogs

A

“swamp cancer” can cause granulomatous obstruction

37
Q

histiocytic ulcerative colitis

A

boxers and frenchies predisposed, lots of foamy macrophages, e coli?

38
Q

lymphangeictasia

A

causes lymphopenia, hypocholesterolemia, and hypoalbuminemia (shag carpet)

39
Q

GI stromal tumor

A

mesenchymal tumor derived from cells of Cajal, IHC required to diagnose, pretty metastatic

40
Q

two common perianal tumors in dogs

A

perianal adenoma and apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinomas

41
Q

what other virus is compared to corona in how it affects the GI

A

rotavirus in small ruminants and foals

42
Q

TGE

A

transmissible gastroenteritis caused by porcine coronavirus, high mortality

43
Q

crypto

A

minimal invasion into cells makes it hard to kill, villus atrophy and crypt hyperplasia
ZOONOTIC

44
Q

ETEC

A

enterotoxigenic, toxins cause hypersecretory diarrhea

45
Q

STEC

A

shiga toxins cause enterocyte lysis and endotoxemia
ZOONOTIC (HUS)

46
Q

clinical sign in pigs with STEC

A

blepharedema

47
Q

proliferative enteritis

A

from lawsonia, infects crypts and causes thick mucosa

48
Q

salmonella

A

fibronecrotic and supperative enterocolitis, causes gross fibrotic membrane in SI, can cause ulcerative proctitis and megacolon in pigs

49
Q

C perfrigens type D

A

enterotoxemia with epsilon toxin, causes pulpy kidney and brain necrosis

50
Q

stain for johnes disease

A

acid fast for mycobacterium

51
Q

two differentials specific to horse enteritis

A

rhodococcus equi in foals, potomac horse fever by neorickettsia

52
Q

brachyspira hyodysenteriae

A

swine dysentery in weanlings, crypt hyperplasia but in the colon, more hemorrhagic

53
Q

NSAID induced ulcerative colitis

A

horses RDC

54
Q

Juvenile pancreatic atrophy

A

immune mediated, g sheps, maldigestion and steatorrhea

55
Q

zinc necrosis

A

degeneration of acinar cells, islets unaffected (HA too)

56
Q

exocrine nodular hyperplasia vs chronic pancreatitis

A

chronic is more firm and much more pale/shrunken

57
Q

exocrine pancreatic carcinoma

A

seeds abdomen, symmetric alopecia in cats

58
Q

two main mechanisms of ascites in chronic liver diease

A

increased portal pressure from fibrosis and decreased albumin/oncotic pressure

59
Q

two consequences of ammonia build up with chronic liver disease

A

hepatic encephalopathy and ammonium urate uroliths (both associated with shunts)

60
Q

cholestasis

A

bile accumulation in the liver

61
Q

what two metabolic diseases can cause glycogen accumulation

A

hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus

62
Q

what causes centri;obular necrosis

A

hypoxia and toxicities affecting P450

63
Q

what causes multifocal, random necrosis

A

infection/biliary obstruction

64
Q

what causes massive necrosis

A

hepatotoxins

65
Q

copper toxicity in sheep

A

causes oxidative damage and hemoglobinuria due to RBC injury

66
Q

theiler’s disease

A

parvo implicated, but small flabby liver

67
Q

tyzzers disease

A

clostridium piliforme in young foals , silver stain for intracellular bacteria

68
Q

hepatic salmonellosis in cattle

A

can alse cause inflammation of the gall bladder!

69
Q

viral causes of hepatitis in USA

A

canine adenovirus I, EHV, BHV, CHV

70
Q

what pig parasite often causes multifocal capsular fibrosis from migrating in the pig

A

ascaris suum

71
Q

cirrhosis in horses

A

causes are primarily plant toxins, rarely nodular

72
Q

umbilicated, firm tan appearance of neoplasm

A

cholangiosarcoma

73
Q

gallbladder mucocele

A

secretion of abnormally thick mucus, predisposed by age, breed, hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism

PATH (13 decks)

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