Q2 - Enzyme activities Flashcards
Protein is an organic compounds composed of ___ linked together by ____ bonds
Amino acids, Peptide
There are about ___ types of amino acids, each of it has distinctive side chains.
20 types of amino acids
It is the building blocks of protein
Amino acids
Give the characteristics of an amino acid
Amino group (Ammonia-NH3)
Central C
Carboxyl group (COOH)
Specific side chain (R-group)
it ends with “-ine” (not all)
It consists of CHON elements
It is a biomolecule who is known for being least?
Nucleic acid
It is a biomolecule whose structure is a straight chained line?
Carbohydrates
It is a biomolecule whose structure is helical (helix)
Lipids
It is a biomolecule whose known for its complex structure of them all
Proteins
Determine the structure:
Sequence of a chain
of amino acids
Primary structure
Determine the structure:
Local folding of the
polypeptide chain into
helices or sheets
Secondary structure
Determine the structure:
3-Dimensional folding
pattern of a protein due to
side chain reactions
Tertiary structure
Determine the structure:
Protein consisting of
more than one amino
acid chain
Quaternary structure
it is a substance which is produced by
living organisms and are considered as
the catalysts of specific biological systems and biochemical reactions
Enzymes
Name of enzymes, usually ends with __ ?
-ase
Saliva or also known as?
Salivary Amylase
It scaffolds to support and position active site
Protein structure
What are the two types of active site?
Binding and catalytic site
it is a site where it binds and orient substrates
Binding sites
it is a site where it reduced the chemical activation energy
Catalytic site
These are the molecules or substances on which an enzyme acts.
Substrates
When the substrate and a molecule of an enzyme joined together, there is
formation of what we call ______ or ____.
Enzyme-Substrate complex or ES complex
After joining with the enzyme, the substrate will turn into a ___?
Product
the ability of an enzyme to
bind only one or few
substrates and thus catalyze
only a single reaction.
Enzyme specificity
It is a type of model that does not adjust its own structure for the substrate to bind. There is a specific shape that must match the enzyme.
Lock-key model
It is a type of model that adjusts its own structure to “fit” its substrate.
Induced fit model
If a person is diagnosed with lactose intolerant, what kind of enzyme does the person lacking?
Lactase
___ are organic molecules and quite
often bind loosely to the active site of an
enzyme and aid in substrate recruitment
Coenzymes
__ are “helper molecules” and can be
inorganic or organic in nature. These include
metal ions and are often required to increase the
rate of catalysis
Cofactors
An enzyme without its
cofactors is known as
_____?
apoenzyme
The complete catalytic active
enzyme is known as
___?
holoenzyme
What are the three types of inhibitors?
Competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive
The substrate is stopped in entering the enzymes’ active site or hinders
the enzyme to catalyze. This is because of ?
Enzymatic inhibitors
LEORA & GEROA
Losing Electrons - Oxidation (Reducing Agent)
Gaining Electrons - Reduction (Oxidizing agent)
The redox reaction is commonly known to play a vital role in ?
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis
What is the chemical composition of Glucose?
C6 H12 O6
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6H2O + 6CO2 —–> C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
What are the factors that affect the activity of enzyme?
Temperature, pH and Substrate and enzyme concentration
The enzyme will deform or will be denatured after ___?
reaching its optimal temp/pH
saliva would breakdown __?
carbohydrates
Digestive enzyme or pepsin would breakdown __?
protein
Intestine would breakdown ___ ?
Lipids
An enzyme that is responsible for breaking down lipids
Lipase
Pancreas creates what?
Pepsin
Carbohydrates usually ends with ___
-ose
