Major types of cell, Specialized cells, and Cell Modification Flashcards
Reviewer for Quiz #2
It is a simple unicellular organisms that do not have nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Prokaryotes
Pro means “____” + “____“means kernel or nut
Before + karyon
Most of the prokaryotic cells’ genetic materials are stored in what region?
Nucleoid
An organism whose cell has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles.
Eukaryotes
It is an multicellular organism.
Eukaryotes
“eu” means ____ + “karyon” means ____
True/well + kernel or nut
Arrange it in order:
Family, Genus, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Species, Class.
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Epithelial cell is a ___ cell
Eukaryotic
Thermopile is a ___ cell
Prokaryotic
Amoeba is a ____ cell
Eukaryotic
Staphylococcus aureaus (S. aureaus) is a ___ cell
Prokaryotic
A kingdom of bacteria that can live with extreme environment.
Archaea bacteria
A kingdom of bacteria that can easily die. It can only live up in 5°C to 60°C
Eubacteria
Name the following kingdom under eukaryotic cell
Protista, Fungi, Plantae and animalia.
Name the following kingdom under prokaryotic cell
Archaea bacteria and eubacteria
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
Its size is smaller
Prokaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
its size is large
Eukaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
its cell wall is present and chemically complex
Prokaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
its cell wall is only found in plants and its simple
Eukaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
it has no reproduction, rather it transfers DNA through conjugation
Prokaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
its sexual reproduction is meiosis
Eukaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
its cell division is binary fission
Prokaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
its cell division is mitosis
Eukaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
The genetic material structure of this particular cell is circular; haploid
Prokaryotes
Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
The genetic material structure of this particular cell is linear; diploid
Eukaryotes
its size ranges from 0.1 to 5.0 µm
Prokaryotes
its size ranges from 10 to 100µm
Eukaryotic
Enumerate the specialised cells in animals
Red blood cell, White blood cell, Sperm cell, Egg cell, Nerve cell and muscle cell
What is the function of RBC?
Carry oxygen throughout the body
Enumerate the adaptation of an RBC
It has no nucleus,Biconcave shape and it contains hemoglobin
What is the scientific term for RBC?
erythrocyte
What’s the function of WBC?
Plays an important role for our body’s immune system
What is the scientific term for WBC?
leukocyte
Enumerate the adaptation of WBC
It has irregular shape and can produce antibodies and antitoxins.
What is the function of sperm cell?
Fertilize an egg cell to make a baby
What is the scientific term for sperm cell?
spermatocytes
Enumerate the adaptions of sperm cell
flagella, numerous mitochondria, Alkaline nature (basic)
What is the function of an egg cell?
Carries genetic materials
What’s the scientific term for egg cell?
oocyte
Enumeration the adaptations of an egg cell
Large in size, chemical change in membrane to prevent fertilization of more than 1 sperm
What is the function of a nerve cell?
Carry nerve impulse all throughout the body
What is the scientific term for nerve cell?
neurons
Enumerate the adaptation of nerve cell
Long thin axon, branching dendrites and myelinated.
What is the function of a muscle cell?
To facilitate the movement
What is the scientific term from muscle cell?
myocyte
Enumerate the adaptation of the muscle cell
Elongated and elastic, Numerous mitochondria
What is the function of guard cell?
regulates rate of transpiration
What is the adaptation of guard cell?
cell wall has varying thickness
What is the function of root hair cell?
Absorbs water and minerals from the soil
What is/are the adaptation/s of a root hair cell?
Long and thin with large surface area.
It produces food through photosynthesis
Photosynthetic cells
Photo synthetic cells contains__
Numerous chloroplast
It transports water and mineral from the roots to the other parts of the cell
Xylem Vessel
It brings water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.
Xylem
It brings back the glucose from the leaves, back to its roots
Phloem
It has lignin but no protoplasm. Its cells form a continuous tube
Xylem Vessel
hair-like organelles extending from the cell surface
Cillia
What are the two types of cillia?
Non-motile/Primary Cillia and Motile
It is a type of cillia that its function is sensory
Non-motile/Primary Cillia
It is a type of cillia that its function is movement
Motile
It is long, whip-like, tail like structures made of proteins filament. It aids in movement
Flagella
It is small, slender, vascular,finger like projections. Increases surfaces area to increase absorption
Villi or microvilli
In what organ, does villi can be found?
Small intestines
Temporary extension of the cytoplasm. Also known as “false-feet”
Pseudopods
Its function is movement and ingestion (phagocytosis)
Pseudopods
Conjugative pili that allow for the transfer of DNA between bacteria, In the process of bacterial “conjugation”
Sex pili