Evolutionary Thought and evidences of evolution

Question 1

any net directional change or
any cumulative change in the
characteristics of organisms or
populations over many
generations

Answer 1

Evolution

Question 2

He said that Species are identical. They
tend to remain the same
species and can be
arranged hierarchically.

Answer 2

Aristotle (350 BCE)

Question 3

He said that As species change, they migrate to
another environment resulting in
their distribution.

Answer 3

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de
Buffon (AD 1749)

Question 4

He said that Species evolved from existing
species through environmental
forces. Trait can be passed to
the next generation.

Answer 4

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
(1809)

Question 5

Thought the idea of descent
modification

idea that species change over
time, give rise to new species, and
share a common ancestor.

Answer 5

CHARLES DARWIN
(1874)

Question 6

He stated that All changes in the environment are
uniform and gradual.

Answer 6

Charles Lyell (1830)

Question 7

He Realized that species evolved
because fittest individuals
survived and reproduced passing
their advantageous characters

Answer 7

ALFRED WALLACE
(1823)

Question 8

What are the theories of evolution?

Answer 8

1. Theory of acquired characteristics
2. Theory of need
3. Theory of use and disuse
4. Survival of the fittest

Question 9

·Sometimes called the theory of inheritance
of acquired traits, or “soft inheritance.”

·Holds that an organism experiencing such
a modification can transmit such a character
to its offspring.

Answer 9

Theory of acquired characteristics

Question 10

A Theory that states Changes in the environment can raise new
needs, required for species’ survival.

Answer 10

Theory of need

Question 11

·Parts of the organism that is regularly used
will undergo hypertrophy and will be
developed.

Answer 11

Theory of use and disuse

Question 12

·Organisms adapt to their environment and
survive.

·Descent with modification – species has
descended and changed over time.

Answer 12

Survival of the fittest

Question 13

What are the mechanism of evolutionary changes?

Answer 13

1. Geneflow
2. Genetic Drift
   - Founder effect
   - Bottleneck effect
3. Natural selection
4. Non-random mating
5. Mutation

Question 14

is a change in the gene
pool of a population due
to chance.

Answer 14

Genetic drift

Question 15

it takes place when population
decreases due to various environmental factors
such as fires, earthquakes and floods.

Answer 15

Bottleneck effect

Question 16

it happens when a small
population of organisms separates from the
larger group to invade a new area.

Answer 16

Founder effect

Question 17

described as the
movement of genes
from one population
to another. When
this happens, there
is a tendency to
increase the gene
diversity in the
populations.

Answer 17

Gene flow

Question 18

Occurs when there is a change in the genetic makeup
caused by environmental stressors. Expands diversity of
organisms.

Answer 18

Mutation

Question 19

explains the difference in survival of individual and
reproduce in a particular environment.

Answer 19

Natural selection

Question 20

increases the
frequency of animal
with desirable traits.
It causes evolution
because it intrudes
the natural pool of
gene variations.

Answer 20

Non-random mating

Question 21

What are the evidences of evolution?

Answer 21

1. Fossil record
2. Biogeographical
3. Anatomical
4. Biochemical

Question 22

It provides information about past organisms. It also shows that many diverse organisms lived at different times in earth’s history.

Answer 22

Fossil record

Question 23

These distributions
are influenced by
many factors,
including continental
drift, the slow
movement of Earth’s
continents over time.

Answer 23

Biogeographical

Question 24

Anatomically similar because they are inherited from a
common ancestor

May be functionally similar or not

Answer 24

Homologous structure

Question 25

Serve the same function

Not constructed similarly

Do not share a common ancestor

Answer 25

Analogous structures

Question 26

Fully-developed anatomical structures

Reduced or obsolete function

Answer 26

Vestigial Structures

Question 27

Homologous structure : _______ evolution

Anatomical structure:
______ evolution

Answer 27

Divergent ; Convergent

Question 28

It is when two species or populations evolve to become more different from each other.

Answer 28

Divergent evolution

Question 29

The independent evolution of similar features in different lineages

Answer 29

Convergent evolution

Question 30

anatomical
feature that no
longer seems to
have a purpose
in the current
form of an
organism of the
given species

Answer 30

Vestigial structures

Question 31

The strongest and absolute
evidence that we have to support
common ancestry is the DNA
that we share.

Comparing sections of DNA in
difference species has shown that
even organisms that seem to be
different, actually have large
sections of identical DNA

Answer 31

Molecular evidence from DNA sequences (Biochemical)

Question 32

DNA analysis - ____

Answer 32

Gel Electrophoresis

Question 33

kaya mo yan :))

Answer 33

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