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Biology > Cell theory and its structure > Flashcards

Cell theory and its structure Flashcards

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1
Q

He invented the very first microscope in 1590

A

Zacharias Janssen

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2
Q

He made his own microscope and observed a bark of a cork oak tree and discovered these comparement looking called “cells”

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

He is known as the father of biology and observed animacules

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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4
Q

He stated that plants are made up of cells

A

Matthias Schleiden

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5
Q

He concluded that animals are made up of cells

A

Theodore Schwann

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6
Q

According to him, cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division

A

Rudolf Virchow

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7
Q

According to this theory, cells are basic unit of life, come from pre-existing cells and all living things are made up of cells.

A

Cell theory

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8
Q

Modern cell theory

A
  1. Cells carry genetic materials
  2. All cells are the same in structure and chemical compositions
  3. Energy flow or biochemical process occur within cells
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9
Q

Known as the little organs that support the life of a cell

A

Organelles

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10
Q

A thin double layer of fat and protein that can be found in animal and plants that act as a barrier to the cell

A

Cell membrane/Plasma membrane

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11
Q

It is a rigid membrane surrounding plant cells that are made up of cellulose. It also gives cell protection, support and structure.

A

Cell wall

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12
Q

It was discovered by Robert Brown in 1831. It is a part of a cell that stores DNA, contains hereditary information and regulates all cell activities.

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

It is a spherical body found inside the nucleus

A

Nucleolus

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14
Q

What are the functions of nucleolus?

A

produces and assembles ribosomes

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15
Q

It is a small particle consist of RNA and it exist freely in cytoplasm or on the surface of rough ER

A

Ribosome

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16
Q

Function of ribosome

A

Synthesis of protein

17
Q

What does ER stands for?

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

18
Q

What is the difference between rough and smooth ER

A

Rough ER has ribosomes while smooth ER do not have.

19
Q

It is a series of interconnected membranous sacs and tubules and connected with the outermembrane of the nucleus

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

20
Q

It is an ER that modifies protein and makes phospolipids for cellular membranes.

A

Rough ER

21
Q

It is an ER that produces carbohydrates,lipids, and steroids. Detoxicating toxins and storage of calcium irons

A

Smooth ER

22
Q

A series of flattened sac-like membranes that resemble the stack of pancakes.

A

Golgi Body

23
Q

What is the function of a golgi body

A

store and distribute lipids and proteins.

24
Q

Exclusive for animals, it is a spherical bodies containing digestive enzymes.

A

Lysosome

25
Q

its function is to digests cellular nutrients and breaks down worn out or damaged organelles.

A

Lysosome

26
Q

It is a programmed death cell

A

Apoptosis

27
Q

A long, disc shaped oragnelle containing the pigment chlorophyll

A

Chloroplast

28
Q

It is exclusive for plants. It is filled with fluid whose function is to maintain water balance and its cell shape. Stores nutrients and waste products.

A

Vacuole

29
Q

A network of protein filament of fibers, also known as the “backbone of our cell”

A

Cytoskeleton

30
Q

Give the three types of filaments

A

Microfilament
microtubules
intermediate filaments

31
Q

What are the functions of a cytoskeleton?

A

Provides structure
Movement
Spindle formation during cell division

32
Q

Give the basic chemical compositions of a cell based on modern cell theory

A

CHONPS - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen,Phosporous and Sulfur.

33
Q

a thick solution that fills each cell
and is enclosed by the cell
membrane. It is mainly composed
of water, salts, and proteins

A

Cytoplasm

34
Q

What is the function of cytoplasm

A

Medium for metabolic reaction

35
Q

A part of a cell that releases energy from food molecules and transform it into usable ATP which happens during cellular respiration

A

Mitochondria

35
Q

It is known as the powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

35
Q

It carry outs photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

Biology (14 decks)

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