Q1: Different Tissue Types and Cell Modification

Question 1

The different types of cells in the body are
organized into ________ to carry out specific
functions.

Answer 1

tissues

Question 2

Four types of tissues based on the type of cell that composed them.

Answer 2

• Epithelial
• Connective
• Nervous
• Muscular

Question 3

Enumerate the levels of organization

Answer 3

Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism

Question 4

This type of tissue is commonly seen outside the body as coverings or as linings of organs and cavities.

Answer 4

Epithelial Tissues

Question 5

It is characterized by closely-joined cells with tight junctions. Being tightly packed, tight junctions serve as barriers for pathogens, mechanical injuries, and fluid loss.

Answer 5

Epithelial Tissues

Question 6

The functions of the epithelia include:

Answer 6

• Protection
• Absorption
• Secretion
• Sensation

Question 7

Classification of epithelial tissues based on the shape.

Answer 7

• Squamous epithelium
• Cuboidal epithelium
• Columnar epithelium
• Transitional Epithelium

Question 8

Classification of epithelial tissues based on the number of layer.

Answer 8

• Simple epithelium
• Stratified epithelium
• Pseudo stratified columnar

Question 9

It has cells that are wider than their height (flat and scalelike). Function for exchange of material through diffusion.

Answer 9

Squamous epithelium

Question 10

It has cells whose height and width are approximately the same (cube-shaped). This is intended for secretion.

Answer 10

Cuboidal epithelium

Question 11

It has cells taller than they are wide (column-shaped).

Answer 11

Columnar epithelium

Question 12

It has cells that can change from squamous to cuboidal, depending on the amount of tension on the epithelium.

Answer 12

Transitional epithelium

Question 13

Epithelium having only one cell thick (unilayered).

Answer 13

Simple Epithelium

Question 14

epithelium having two or more cells in thickness or multi-layered.

Answer 14

Stratified Epithelium

Question 15

Single layer of cells; may just look stacked because of varying height; for lining of respiratory tract; usually lined with cilia.

Answer 15

Pseudo stratified columnar

Question 16

Include a large group of different tissues characterized by having dispersed cells and large extracellular space.

Answer 16

Connective Tissues

Question 17

A large extracellular space that may be solid (as in bone), soft (as in loose connective tissue), or liquid (as in blood).

Answer 17

Extracellular Matrix

Question 18

It functions mainly for binding and support of other tissues.

Answer 18

Connective Tissue

Question 19

Classifications of Connective Tissues

Answer 19

• Connective tissue proper
• Supportive connective tissue
• Fluid connective tissues

Question 20

Group of connective tissues that includes loose and dense connective tissues, reticular connective tissues, elastic connective tissues, and adipose tissues.

Answer 20

Connective tissue proper

Question 21

Group of connective tissues that includes cartilage and bones.

Answer 21

Supportive connective tissue

Question 22

The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body which binds epithelia to underlying tissues and holds organs in place.

Answer 22

Loose connective tissues

Question 23

It gets its name from the loose weave of its fibers, which include all three types. It is found in the skin and throughout the body.

Answer 23

Loose connective tissue

Question 24

It is dense with collagenous fibers. It is found in tendons and ligaments.

Answer 24

Fibrous connective tissue

Question 25

Connective tissue that attach muscles to bones.

Answer 25

tendons

Question 26

Connective tissue that connects bones at joints.

Answer 26

Ligaments

Question 27

A mineralized connective tissue.

Answer 27

bone

Question 28

Bone-forming cells that deposit a matrix of collagen.

Answer 28

osteoblasts

Question 29

The microscopic structure of hard mammalian bone that consists of repeating units.

Answer 29

osteons

Question 30

A specialized loose connective tissue that stores fat in its cells distributed throughout its matrix.

Answer 30

Adipose tissue

Question 31

It has a liquid extracellular matrix called plasma, which consists of water, salts, and dissolved proteins.

Answer 31

blood

Question 32

Other term for red blood cells

Answer 32

erythrocytes

Question 33

Other term for white blood cells

Answer 33

leukocytes

Question 34

It contatins collagenous fibers embedded in a rubbery protein-carbohydrate complex.

Answer 34

Cartilage

Question 35

A rubber protein-carbohydrate complex found in cartilages.

Answer 35

chondroitin sulfate

Question 36

Cells that secretes the collagen and chondroitin sulfate, which together make cartilage a strong yet flexible support material.

Answer 36

chondrocytes

Question 37

Contractile tissues responsible for movement.

Answer 37

Muscular tissues

Question 38

Proteins involved in muscle contraction.

Answer 38

myosin and actin

Question 39

Three types of muscular tissues

Answer 39

* skeletal * smooth * cardiac

Question 40

Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations that functions for voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control.

Answer 40

Skeletal Muscle

Question 41

As it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control.

Answer 41

Cardiac muscle

Question 42

It propels substances or objects (foodstuffs, urine, a baby) along internal passageways; involuntary control.

Answer 42

Smooth muscle

Question 43

It transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity.

Answer 43

Nerve Cell

Question 44

Supporting cells of nervous tissues

Answer 44

glial cells

Question 45

It has contributed greatly to the adaptation of organisms.

Answer 45

Cell specialization

Question 46

They are produced in the testes.

Answer 46

Sperm cells

Question 47

It is small and streamlined, allowing it to move easily and has a flagellum (a whip-like tail) that propels it.

Answer 47

Sperm cell

Question 48

The function of these cells is to fertilize eggs cells during reproduction.

Answer 48

Sperm cell

Question 49

They are found in the roots of plants and absorb water for the plant more efficiently.

Answer 49

Root hair cells

Question 50

They have a biconcave shape that increases surface area.

Answer 50

Red blood cells

Question 51

Their small size and ability to bend allows them to easily move over the body.

Answer 51

Red blood cells

Question 52

These are used to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Answer 52

Red blood cells

Question 53

Tiny little microscopic projections that exist in, on, and around cells.

Answer 53

microvilli

Question 54

Projections of some mucous membranes, most specifically of the small intestine, which are tiny folds that project out like numerous fingers.

Answer 54

villi

Question 55

It may sweep unwanted materials toward a resorptive area of the cell.

Answer 55

microvilli

Question 56

They are fine, whiplike/hairlike structures that extend from the body of a variety of cells.

Answer 56

Cilia and flagella