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General Biology 1 > Q1: Different Tissue Types and Cell Modification > Flashcards

Q1: Different Tissue Types and Cell Modification Flashcards

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1
Q

The different types of cells in the body are
organized into ________ to carry out specific
functions.

A

tissues

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2
Q

Four types of tissues based on the type of cell that composed them.

A
  • Epithelial
  • Connective
  • Nervous
  • Muscular
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3
Q

Enumerate the levels of organization

A

Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism

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4
Q

This type of tissue is commonly seen outside the body as coverings or as linings of organs and cavities.

A

Epithelial Tissues

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5
Q

It is characterized by closely-joined cells with tight junctions. Being tightly packed, tight junctions serve as barriers for pathogens, mechanical injuries, and fluid loss.

A

Epithelial Tissues

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6
Q

The functions of the epithelia include:

A
  • Protection
  • Absorption
  • Secretion
  • Sensation
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7
Q

Classification of epithelial tissues based on the shape.

A
  • Squamous epithelium
  • Cuboidal epithelium
  • Columnar epithelium
  • Transitional Epithelium
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8
Q

Classification of epithelial tissues based on the number of layer.

A
  • Simple epithelium
  • Stratified epithelium
  • Pseudo stratified columnar
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9
Q

It has cells that are wider than their height (flat and scalelike). Function for exchange of material through diffusion.

A

Squamous epithelium

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10
Q

It has cells whose height and width are approximately the same (cube-shaped). This is intended for secretion.

A

Cuboidal epithelium

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11
Q

It has cells taller than they are wide (column-shaped).

A

Columnar epithelium

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12
Q

It has cells that can change from squamous to cuboidal, depending on the amount of tension on the epithelium.

A

Transitional epithelium

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13
Q

Epithelium having only one cell thick (unilayered).

A

Simple Epithelium

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14
Q

epithelium having two or more cells in thickness or multi-layered.

A

Stratified Epithelium

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15
Q

Single layer of cells; may just look stacked because of varying height; for lining of respiratory tract; usually lined with cilia.

A

Pseudo stratified columnar

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16
Q

Include a large group of different tissues characterized by having dispersed cells and large extracellular space.

A

Connective Tissues

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17
Q

A large extracellular space that may be solid (as in bone), soft (as in loose connective tissue), or liquid (as in blood).

A

Extracellular Matrix

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18
Q

It functions mainly for binding and support of other tissues.

A

Connective Tissue

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19
Q

Classifications of Connective Tissues

A
  • Connective tissue proper
  • Supportive connective tissue
  • Fluid connective tissues
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20
Q

Group of connective tissues that includes loose and dense connective tissues, reticular connective tissues, elastic connective tissues, and adipose tissues.

A

Connective tissue proper

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21
Q

Group of connective tissues that includes cartilage and bones.

A

Supportive connective tissue

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22
Q

The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body which binds epithelia to underlying tissues and holds organs in place.

A

Loose connective tissues

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23
Q

It gets its name from the loose weave of its fibers, which include all three types. It is found in the skin and throughout the body.

A

Loose connective tissue

24
Q

It is dense with collagenous fibers. It is found in tendons and ligaments.

A

Fibrous connective tissue

25
Q

Connective tissue that attach muscles to bones.

A

tendons

26
Q

Connective tissue that connects bones at joints.

A

Ligaments

27
Q

A mineralized connective tissue.

A

bone

28
Q

Bone-forming cells that deposit a matrix of collagen.

A

osteoblasts

29
Q

The microscopic structure of hard mammalian bone that consists of repeating units.

A

osteons

30
Q

A specialized loose connective tissue that stores fat in its cells distributed throughout its matrix.

A

Adipose tissue

31
Q

It has a liquid extracellular matrix called plasma, which consists of water, salts, and dissolved proteins.

A

blood

32
Q

Other term for red blood cells

A

erythrocytes

33
Q

Other term for white blood cells

A

leukocytes

34
Q

It contatins collagenous fibers embedded in a rubbery protein-carbohydrate complex.

A

Cartilage

35
Q

A rubber protein-carbohydrate complex found in cartilages.

A

chondroitin sulfate

36
Q

Cells that secretes the collagen and chondroitin sulfate, which together make cartilage a strong yet flexible support material.

A

chondrocytes

37
Q

Contractile tissues responsible for movement.

A

Muscular tissues

38
Q

Proteins involved in muscle contraction.

A

myosin and actin

39
Q

Three types of muscular tissues

A
  • skeletal
  • smooth
  • cardiac
40
Q

Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations that functions for voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control.

A

Skeletal Muscle

41
Q

As it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control.

A

Cardiac muscle

42
Q

It propels substances or objects (foodstuffs, urine, a baby) along internal passageways; involuntary control.

A

Smooth muscle

43
Q

It transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity.

A

Nerve Cell

44
Q

Supporting cells of nervous tissues

A

glial cells

45
Q

It has contributed greatly to the adaptation of organisms.

A

Cell specialization

46
Q

They are produced in the testes.

A

Sperm cells

47
Q

It is small and streamlined, allowing it to move easily and has a flagellum (a whip-like tail) that propels it.

A

Sperm cell

48
Q

The function of these cells is to fertilize eggs cells during reproduction.

A

Sperm cell

49
Q

They are found in the roots of plants and absorb water for the plant more efficiently.

A

Root hair cells

50
Q

They have a biconcave shape that increases surface area.

A

Red blood cells

51
Q

Their small size and ability to bend allows them to easily move over the body.

A

Red blood cells

52
Q

These are used to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

A

Red blood cells

53
Q

Tiny little microscopic projections that exist in, on, and around cells.

A

microvilli

54
Q

Projections of some mucous membranes, most specifically of the small intestine, which are tiny folds that project out like numerous fingers.

A

villi

55
Q

It may sweep unwanted materials toward a resorptive area of the cell.

A

microvilli

56
Q

They are fine, whiplike/hairlike structures that extend from the body of a variety of cells.

A

Cilia and flagella

General Biology 1 (22 decks)

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