Q1: Cell Division Flashcards
Body processes that involves mitosis
- Production of somatic cells
- Body growth
- Body repair
- Fertilization
- Regeneration
- Asexual Reproduction
Somatic cell division
mitosis
A process that produces two daughter cells with the same quantity and quality of chromosomes as the parent cell
mitosis
Division of the nucleus during mitosis
karyokinesis
The division of the cytoplasm
cytokinesis
Phase where the nucleolus is no longer visible and centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell
prophase
Phase where double-stranded chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the cell
metaphase
Phase where the centromeres of each chromosome divide
anaphase
Phase where daughter chromosomes finally reached the opposite poles of the cell
telophase
Production of sperm cells
spermatogenesis
Production of egg cells
oogenesis
A process that produces four daughter cells with haploid number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
meiosis
Phase where the nuclear envelope breaks down and the chromosomes attach to the mitotic spindle
prometaphase
Stages of Prophase I
- Leptotene
- Zygotene
- Pachytene
- Diplotene
- Diakinesis
Prophase I
Replicated chromosomes start to condense
leptotene
Prophase I
The pairing of homologous chromosomes (synapsis) begins;
zygotene
A pair of homologous chromosomes
bivalent or tetrad
The process of pairing of homologous chromosomes
synapsis
Exchange of genetic material
crossing-over
Prophase I
A bivalent has formed and crossing over has occured.
Pachytene
The area of contact between two chromatids
chiasma
Prophase I
the tetrad tends to repel each other; the chiasma become distinct
diplotene
Prophase I
The nucleolus disappear and the nuclear membrane begins to break down.
Diakinesis
A protein structure that forms between homologous chromosomes (two pairs of sister chromatids) during meiosis and is thought to mediate synapsis and recombination
Synaptonemal complex
