Q1: Cell Theory & Organelles

Question 1

The basic membrane-bound unit that contains the fundamental molecules of life and of which all living things are composed.

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

The first to observe cork/dead tree cells under a microscope and was coined to the word cell.

Answer 2

Robert Hooke (1665)

Question 3

He was able to observe blood cells, spermatozoa, and other ‘animalcules’ like protists.

Answer 3

Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673)

Question 4

A partnership of a biologist and a physiologist who contributed on the first 2 statements in the modern Cell Theory.

Answer 4

Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann (1839)

Question 5

A Dutch father-son team who invented the first so-called compound microscope in the late 16th century.

Answer 5

Hans and Zacharias Janssen (1500s)

Question 6

German botanist who concluded that plants are composed of cells and formulated the plant cell theory/

Answer 6

Matthias Schleiden

Question 7

German zoologist who concluded that animals are composed of cells and formulated the animal cell theory.

Answer 7

Theodore Schwann

Question 8

Coined the last statement in the Modern Cell Theory.

Answer 8

Robert Remak/Rudolf Virchow

Question 9

German pathologist who concluded that all cells must come only from pre-existing cells.

Answer 9

Rudolf Virchow

Question 10

Enumerate the Cell Theory

Answer 10

1. All life are composed of one or more cells.
2. Cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Question 11

A network of interconnected membranes consisting of sacs and canals. Transport materials within the cell; provides attachment for ribosomes. It is the site of protein synthesis.

Answer 11

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 12

Membranous sac with inner partitions. Site where energy released from food molecules and transformed into usable form.

Answer 12

Mitochondria

Question 13

The mitochondrion internal spaces enclosed by the inner membrane.

Answer 13

matrix

Question 14

a fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion.

Answer 14

Crista (plural cristae)

Question 14

Double-membraned organelles

Answer 14

Nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplast

Question 15

The inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine.

Answer 15

lumen

Question 16

A flattened membrane vesicle found in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.

Answer 16

Cisterna (plural cisternae)

Question 16

Particles composed of protein and RNA. Site of protein synthesis.

Answer 16

Ribosomes

Question 17

Types of Ribosomes

Answer 17

(1) Free & (2) Fixed Ribosomes

Question 18

A semifluid substance representing the foundation of the cell.

Answer 18

Cytoplasm

Question 19

A number of microscopic bodies inside the cytoplasm called “little organs.”

Answer 19

organelles

Question 20

Non-membranous structure composed of two rod-like centrioles.

Answer 20

centrosome

Question 21

Helps distribute chromosomes to daughter cells during cell reproduction and initiates the formation of cilia.

Answer 21

centrioles

Question 22

Hair-like projections attached to basal bodies beneath cell membrane that propel fluids over cellular surface and enable certain cells to move.

Answer 22

Cilia and Flagella

Question 23

Composed primarily of histone protein and deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA.

Answer 23

Nucleus

Question 24

All cells have a nucleus in the human body EXCEPT

Answer 24

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Question 25

a membrane surrounding the nucleus of human cells

Answer 25

Nuclear envelope/membrane

Question 26

Dense, non-membranous body composed of protein and RNA. Contains materials to form ribosomes.

Answer 26

Nucleus

Question 27

Group of flattened, membranous sacs that packages protein molecules for secretion; origin of lysosomes.

Answer 27

Golgi Body/Apparatus

Question 28

Membranous sacs. Contain enzymes for intracellular digestion.

Answer 28

Lysosome

Question 29

Site of photosynthesis

Answer 29

chloroplast

Question 30

Manufacturing organelles

Answer 30

* Nucleus * Ribosomes * Rough ER * Smooth ER * Golgi Apparatus

Question 31

Breakdown organelles

Answer 31

* Lysosome * Vacuoles * Peroxisomes

Question 32

Energy Processing Organelles

Answer 32

* Mitochondria * Chloroplasts

Question 33

Organelles for Structural Support, Movement and Communication

Answer 33

* Cytoplasm * Cytoskeleton * Centrioles * Cell Membrane * Cell Wall

Question 34

"receiving" side of Golgi Apparatus

Answer 34

*cis* face

Question 35

"shipping" side of the golgi apparatus

Answer 35

*trans* face

Question 36

They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Answer 36

Thylakoid

Question 37

It refers to the colorless fluid surrounding the grana within the chloroplast.

Answer 37

stroma

Question 38

The stacks of thylakoids embedded in the stroma of a chloroplast.

Answer 38

grana

Question 39

Under natural light, the chloroplasts appear green, but under ultraviolet light, they naturally fluoresce _________.

Answer 39

red

Question 40

Hollow tubes in the cytoskeleton.

Answer 40

Microtubules | Tubulin Polymers

Question 41

Two intertwined strands of actin

Answer 41

Microfilaments | Actin Filaments

Question 42

Fibrous Proteins coiled into cables.

Answer 42

Intermediate Filaments

Question 43

Three structures of the cytoskeleton

Answer 43

* Microtubules * Microfilaments * Intermediate Filaments

Question 44

Which of the following statement is NOT part of the Modern Cell Theory? a. All life is composed of one or more cells b. All cells are mobile c. Cell is the basic unit of life d. All cells come from preexisting cells

Answer 44

b. All cells are mobile

Question 45

A pesticide kills insects by disabling the ribosomes in their cells. Which of the following function would be most immediately inhibited in the insects' cell? a. Protein synthesis b. DNA replication c. Photosynthesis d. Cell division

Answer 45

a. Protein synthesis

Question 46

Which substance fills the space between organelles?

Answer 46

cytoplasm

Question 47

Hoshi is viewing a cell under the microscope. Which of the following structure would tell her that the cell is eukaryotic? a. cytoplasm b. ribosomes c. nucleus d. DNA

Answer 47

c. nucleus

Question 48

Which of the following organelles is found in plant cells but not in animal cells. a. mitochondria b. ribosome c. chloroplasts d. vacuole

Answer 48

c. chloroplasts