Q1: Cell Cycle

Question 1

Involves the distribution of identical genetic material or DNA to two daughter cells.

Answer 1

Cell Division

Question 2

Functions in reproduction, growth, and repair.

Answer 2

Cell Division

Question 3

What is most remarkable is the _______ with which the DNA is passed along, without dilution or error, from one generation to the next.

Answer 3

Fidelity

Question 4

Represents all phases in the life of a cell

Answer 4

Cell Cycle

Question 5

Is the process by which new cells are generated.

Answer 5

Mitosis

Question 6

Is the process by which gametes are generated for reproduction.

Answer 6

Meiosis

Question 7

Separate mitosis from S phase. This is the time when molecular signals mediate the switch in cellular activity.

Answer 7

Gap Phases

Question 8

involves the separation of copied chromosomes into separate cells.

Answer 8

Mitosis

Question 9

Unregulated cell division can lead to ______.

Answer 9

Cancer

Question 10

normally ensure that DNA replication and mitosis occur only when conditions are favorable and the process is working correctly.

Answer 10

Cell Cycle Checkpoints

Question 11

Mutations in genes that encode cell cycle proteins can lead to unregulated growth, resulting in _______________.

Answer 11

Proto-oncogenes (which causes Cancer)

Question 12

genes that results to cancer.

Answer 12

Proto-oncogenes

Question 13

Is driven by a built-in clock that can be adjusted by external stimuli (i.e., chemical messages).

Answer 13

Cell Cycle Control System

Question 14

A critical control point in the Cell Cycle where ‘stop’ and ‘go-ahead’ signals can regulate the cell cycle.

Answer 14

Check point

Question 15

2 signals in the Check point that helps regulate the cell cycle

Answer 15

‘Stop’ and ‘Go-Ahead’

Question 16

Animal cells have built-in ‘_______’ signals that halt the cell cycles and checkpoints until overridden by ‘_________’ signals.

Answer 16

Stop, go-ahead

Question 17

Also known as the restriction point

Answer 17

G1 Checkpoint

Question 18

The G1 checkpoint ensures that the cell is _____________ and that enough nutrients are available to support the resulting daughter cells.

Answer 18

large enough to divide

Question 19

If the cell does not receive the ‘go-ahead’ signal, it will exit the Cell Cycle and switch to ___________________.

Answer 19

A non-dividing state called G0.

Question 20

Most cells in the body are in _____ phase.

Answer 20

G0 Phase

Question 21

A checkpoint which ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been successfully completed.

Answer 21

G2 Checkpoint

Question 22

A checkpoint which ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore.

Answer 22

Metaphase Checkpoint

Question 23

Give the ‘go-ahead’ signals at the G1 and G2 checkpoints.

Answer 23

Kinase

Question 24

protein which activates or deactivates another protein by phosphorylating them

Answer 24

Kinase

Question 25

Kinase activates and deactivates another protein by _________ them.

Answer 25

Phosphorylating

Question 26

a protein that derives its name from its cyclically fluctuating concentration in the cell, also known as the activating molecule

Answer 26

Cyclin

Question 27

By the G2 checkpoint, enough cyclin is available to form ___________ (aggregations of CDK and cyclin) which initiate mitosis.

Answer 27

Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF) complexes

Question 28

functions by phosphorylating key proteins in the mitotic sequence.

Answer 28

MPF

Question 29

Later in mitosis, MPF switches itself off by initiating a process which leads to the ______________..

Answer 29

Destruction of Cyclin

Question 30

Cell growth

Answer 30

G1 Phase

Question 31

2 main stages of the Cell Cycle

Answer 31

Interphase and Mitotic Phase (Cell Division)

Question 32

Protein that aids in minimizing the risks of developing Retinoblastoma

Answer 32

Rb protein

Question 33

CDK + Cyclin =

Answer 33

Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF)

Question 34

CDK and Cyclin in the G1 Checkpoint that are responsible for the promotion of S Phase

Answer 34

CDK₂ - Cyc E

Question 35

CDK and Cyclin in the G1 Checkpoint that functions in inhibiting RB proteins

Answer 35

CDK₄ - Cyc D

Question 36

CDK and Cyclin in the G2 Checkpoint that regulates in DNA Synthesis

Answer 36

CDK₂ - Cyc A

Question 37

CDK and Cyclin in the G2 Checkpoint that regulates Mitosis

Answer 37

CDK₁ - Cyc B

Question 38

The 3 Tumor Suppressor Protein

Answer 38

P21, P53, Rb protein

Question 39

Stationary, static, or the non-dividing state of a cell

Answer 39

G0 Phase

Question 40

DNA Replication

Answer 40

S-Phase

Question 41

;Preparation for Mitosis

Answer 41

G2 Phase

Question 42

Stages of Cell Division (M-Phase)

Answer 42

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT), Cytokinesis

Question 43

Stages of Mitosis

Answer 43

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT)

Question 44

The general growing life of the Cell

Answer 44

Interphase

Question 45

Reproduction stage of the Cell

Answer 45

Cell Division (M-Phase)

Question 46

The Study of Cancer

Answer 46

Oncology

Question 47

The 5 Sub Phases in Cell Cycle

Answer 47

G0, G1, G2, S-Phase, M-phase

Question 48

the physical process of cell division which divides the cytoplasm of the cell into two daughter cells

Answer 48

Cytokinesis