Q1: Cell Types Flashcards
The first cells to appear on Earth.
Prokaryotic Cells
An organism made of a single prokaryotic cell.
Prokaryotes
A cell with no true nucleus.
Prokaryotes
The earliest prokaryotes may have arisen more than ________ ago.
2.5 billion years
single loop of circular DNA in prokaryotes
nucleoids
Size range of prokaryotes
1-10 μm
A rigid envelope surrounding the cytoplasmic membrane of most bacterial species.
peptidoglycan
An additional layer enclosing prokaryotes. It has a sticky surface area, so it allows prokaryotes to cling to surfaces, such as your skin and your teeth.
capsule
Kingdoms where prokaryotes belong
- Kingdom Eubacteria
- Kingdom Archaea
How does prokaryotes reproduce
Asexual reproduction
Attachment structures on the surface of some prokaryotes
Fimbriae
Region where the cell’s DNA is located in prokaryotic cells
Nucleoid
Complexes that synthesize proteins
ribosomes
Jelly-like outer coating of many prokaryotes
Capsule
Locomotion organelles of some bacteria
flagella
They are more complex than prokaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic Cells
Size range of Eukaryotes
10-100 um
The DNA of eukaryotic cells are ____________ arranged into chromosomes and does not float freely in the cytoplasm.
double-stranded
Are organisms made of one or more eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotes
True or False:
The earliest eukaryotes were single-celled organisms.
True
True or False:
Eukaryotes arose about 1 million years later than the earliest prokaryotes.
False
Eukaryotes arose about 1 billion years later than the earliest prokaryotes.
True or False:
Every type of multicellular organism that exists is made up of eukaryotic cells.
True
Examples of Eukaryotic Cells
- Animal Cells
- Plant Cells
- Fungi
- Protists
Organelles present in prokaryotic cells.
- Cell wall
- cell membrane
- nucleoid
- ribosomes
- DNA/chromosomes
- Cytoplasm
