Q&A Radiology

Question 1

What is the picture taken by a radiographic machine called

Answer 1

Radiograph or film, not an X-Ray

Question 2

Why isn’t x-ray an appropriate term for a radiograph/film

Answer 2

Cant see X-Rays

Question 3

What is evaluated in a radiograph

Answer 3

Shape and Density

Question 4

What can eliminate needing to think about the inverse square rule

Answer 4

Using standard distances for different techniques (technique chart) eliminates distance as a variable

Question 5

How do you minimize the distortion of divergence in radiology

Answer 5

Always place the part/ side of interest against the cassette so it will sharp and close to actual size

Question 6

How do the five different radiograph densities appear on film

Answer 6

Air= black, Fat= black, water= shades of gray, bone=white, and metal=white

Question 7

What are the five B’s that aid the remembering density differences

Answer 7

Bubbles, blubber,blood, bone, and bullet= air, fat, water, bone, and metal

Question 8

What is required to see structures in a radiograph that touch each other

Answer 8

Differences in density between them

Question 9

How is fat a friend when reading radiographs

Answer 9

more radiolucent= contrast soft tissues

Question 10

Define
A. increase opacity
B. Decrease opacity
C.Radiolucent
D.Radiopaque
E.Increase radiolucency

Answer 10

A. Whiter shadow than expected caused by an increased subject density or size
B. Darker shadow than expected, due to a decrease in the subject density or size
C.Dark, a structure allowing most of the X-Rays to pass through it, resulting in a dark shadow
D.White, a structure that blocks most of the X-rays to pass through it, resulting in a dark shadow
E.Darker, caused by a decreased density of size of a subject

Question 11

What is the general rule in preparing the animal to take a good radiograph

Answer 11

minimal amount of movement

Question 12

Discuss minimal amount of movement when taking radiographs

Answer 12

Varies with type of radiograph: from minimal Restraint, to sedation, or anesthetized

Question 13

What does and does not lead protect against in relationship to radiology

Answer 13

does: scatter; doesn’t: primary beam

Question 14

What is often imagined in radiographs but can’t be seen as it is a 2-dementionalimage

Answer 14

do not try to read or see depth

Question 15

How are radiograph views named

Answer 15

where the beam enters and exits the body/part

Question 16

Describe how the beam enters and exits the body in the following views:
A.Right and left lateral projections of major body cavities (abdomen thorax)
B.DV/ dorsoventral and VD ventraldorsal
C.Carinalcasudal/ anteriorposterior
D.DP dorsalpalmer (dorsalplantar pD) palmarodorsal projection

Answer 16

A. Named for the surface closet to the cassette
B.DV: beam enters the dorsal surface and exits the ventral VD: enters the ventral and exits the dorsal
C:Beam enters the carinal/anterior side and exits the caudal/posterior side of the limb above the caps and tarsus
D.DP shot from the “front to back” dorsal to the plamar side below the proximal end of the carpus (tarsus); PD beam through the palmar/plantar side and out the dorsal side below the proximal end of the carpus (tarsus)

Question 17

What are the L and R markers indicate on the radiograph

Answer 17

Patients side placed on the film/ “down”, side of the body in VD and DV films, or which limb if there is only one limb in the film

Question 18

What should always be used to check if the markers on the film are correct

Answer 18

Anatomical landmarks

Question 19

What side of the body or limbs are the following anatomical landmark?
A. Apex of the heart
B.Gas bubble in the funds of the stomach
C.Descending colon
D. Cranial Kidney, Caudal Kidney
E.Anticlinal vertebra-vertical vertebrae
F. Head of the humerus
G. Radius
H.Olecranon
I:Distal end of the ulna
J:Accessory carpal bone
K: Dew claw
L: Patella
M:Fibula
N:Calcaneus

Answer 19

A.left
B.Left
C.Left
D.Right, left
E.usually T11 in dogs 
F: Caudal
G:Cranial
H: Caudal
I: lateral and caudal
J: Lateral and palmar
K:Medial
L: Cranial
M: Lateral
N: Lateral Plantar

Question 20

What is the survival law when reading radiographs

Answer 20

read in a systemic manner

Question 21

What helps you orient the views and indicate the direction of the beam

Answer 21

anatomical landmarks

Question 22

what view silhouettes lateral and medial limb structures

Answer 22

craniocaudally, dorsopalmar, ordorsoventral

Question 23

Since the radiograph is in two dimensional representation of a three dimensional object, how is the third dimension extrapolated

Answer 23

at least two radiographs must be taken at 90 deg to each other

Question 24

The different views _____ different sides of the bones

Answer 24

Highlight/ silhouette

Question 25

what does the lateral view silhouette

Answer 25

cranial and caudal surfaces of the bone

Question 26

is the cartilage seen radiographically

Answer 26

No, only inferred

Question 27

Since cartilage can’t be seen radiographically, how is it evaluated

Answer 27

check the subchondral bone

Question 28

What is the space between the bone seen in a radiograph

Answer 28

joint space and articular cartilage

Question 29

What is the composition of most long bones at birth

Answer 29

Bone capped at both ends with articular cartilage, 2 cartilaginous discs between the diaphysis and the 2 epiphyses

Question 30

What are the cartilaginous discs between the diaphysis and the epiphyses

Answer 30

Epiphyseal side of the metaphyseal, or growth plates

Question 31

Where does the lengthening of the bone occur

Answer 31

Epiphyseal side of the metaphyseal plate

Question 32

What should not be mistaken for fractures radiographically

Answer 32

Physeal lines or sesamoid bones

Question 33

What is a normal remnant of the closed physis

Answer 33

physeal scar