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NCIDQ > PX- Chapter 16: Finishes > Flashcards

PX- Chapter 16: Finishes Flashcards

1
Q

name the four types of wood flooring (don’t describe)

A

Plank
Block
Strip
end grain block

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2
Q

what’s the difference between plan and strip wood flooring

A

strip is thin strips that are 2.25” wide typically. Plank is wider from 3.25” up to 8”

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3
Q

what is block flooring

A

preassembled wood flooring like parquet

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4
Q

which types of wood flooring are considered sustainable

A

bamboo and palm wood

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5
Q

how do you install a wood floor to allow for expansion

A

leave a 3/4” gap around the perimeter of the room

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6
Q

how can you protect wood flooring from moisture

A

add a moisture barrier under the plywood sub floor or put the floor on 2 x 4 sleepers to get it off the slab.

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7
Q

what is the benefit of using engineered floors vs real wood floors

A

engineered floors are more dimensionally stable than solid wood- they shrink and swell less with moisture

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8
Q

what’s the difference between thin set and thick set stone flooring installation

A

thin sest is 1/8” thick layer of mortar.

thick set is 3/4” to 1.25” thick

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9
Q

when would you use thick set vs thin set mortar for stone tile flooring installation

A

thick set is better for when the subfloor is uneven or when the stone floor varies in thickness. overall thickness of floor is 1.5-2.5” above the subfloor

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10
Q

what is the benefit of thin set mortar for stone flooring installs

A

it’s cheaper and add less weight to the floor and are faster to install

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11
Q

what can you to for stone flooring to make sure the stone floor doesn’t crack if the subfloor moves

A

install a membrane between the sub floor and the mortar so they are not bonded together.

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12
Q

what type of grout would you use if movement in the floor is expected

A

latex grout

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13
Q

what are some advantages to Terrazzo flooring

A

durability, water resistance, easy cleaning, fire resistance and large selection of colours and patterns

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14
Q

name the three types of Terrazzo flooring

A

standard- most common- small chips
Venetian- medium chips
Palladian- random fractured slabs of marble
Rustic- has the matrix derpressed to expose the chips

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15
Q

for Terrazzo floors, what’s the best way to install it if the subfloor might move

A

sand cushion above the subfloor

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16
Q

what is resilient flooring

A

formed under heat and pressure to produce a thin material in either sheets or tile

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17
Q

what are the pros and cons to vinyl flooring

A

durable, resistant to indentation, abrasion, grease, water, alkalis and some acids. inexpensive and easy to install.

can be below grade or above grade

cons- ugly and not very sustainable

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18
Q

what are pros and cons of rubber flooring

A

pro- excellent resistance to deformation under loads, quiet

con- not resistant to oils and grease

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19
Q

what are the pros and cons of cork flooring

A

pro- renewable, good for acoustical control

con- needs a really smooth subfloor, needs to be refinished once in a while

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20
Q

what should you test the concrete sub floor for before installing resilient flooring and wood

A

moisture level, PH level and Alkalinity

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21
Q

what is the most common test to test concrete for moisture

A

calcium chloride test or moisture dome test- easy and inexpensive- place a mass of calcium chloride below a plastic cover and seal it to the floor. after 60-72 ours, the calcium chloride is weighed and compared to it’s pre-test weight

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22
Q

what is the scale of PH and which is alkaline and which is acidic

A

0-14. 7 is considered neutral. Less than 7 is acidic and more than 7 is alkaline

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23
Q

what is the PH of concrete normally & what should it be for flooring

A

12-13.3

8.5 up to 9.0

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24
Q

what happens what concrete subfloor is too alkaline

A
  1. can damage a tile install because the adhesive would liquify
  2. alkali-silica reaction- the alkaline cement starts to dissolve sand and rock within the concrete and creates a gel like material that creates pressure and can buckle or blister floor finishes.
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25
Q

what are the pros of carpet for a flooring material

A

pretty, durable, quiet, easy to install, requires less maintenance than many other types of flooring

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26
Q

what are the three basic forms of carpet for installing

A

rugs, sheet and carpet tiles

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27
Q

what is a typical roll length for a roll of carpet

A

12’-0”

28
Q

what is the best and second best fiber for carpets

A
  1. wool- durable, wears well, flame resistant, easy to clean, most expensive
  2. Nylon- economical, wear resistant, stain resistant and crush resistant. most popular for residential and commercial carpet
29
Q

what type of carpet fiber is typically used for outdoor carpet

A

olefin aka polypropylene. Has a low melting point though

30
Q

name 4 manufacturing processes to make carpet (don’t describe yet)

A 
weaving
tufting
needle punching
fusion bonding
knitting or custom tufting
31
Q

what type of manufacturing process for carpet is the most popular and most expensive

A

weaving

32
Q

name and describe three weaving methods

A
  1. Wilton Carpet- on a jacquard loom- complex patterns. all yarn runs beneath the surface- you bring it up when you want that colour to appear. Heavy and expensive. Cut and loop pile
  2. Velvet- simplest form- all of the pile yarn on the face of the carpet. mostly solid colour. loop and cut pile
  3. Axminster- made on modified jaquard loom that delivers different colours of yarn at different times according to the pattern desired. lots of patterns and colours. even cut pile
33
Q

describe the tufting manufacturing process for carpets

A

yarn is punched through the backing of the carpet with needs- like sewing.

loop or cut pile

can do it fast, inexpensive. The majority of carpets is this method

34
Q

describe the fusion bonding manufacturing process for carpets

A

embeds the pile yan in a backing of liquid vinyl. when the vinyl hardens, the tufs are permanently locked in the vinyl. Has no backing because the vinyl is the backing

used mainly for carpet tiles

35
Q

what is the gauge of a carpet and what are common numbers

A

the number of ends of surface yarn in a 27” width in tufted carpets- spacing in fractions of an inch between needles across the width of the carpet

5/64, 1/10,1/8 are common for contract carpet

36
Q

what is the stitch rate for carpet

A

the number of lengthwise tufts in 1”. the higher the stitch or guage, the denser the carpet

37
Q

what is the pile height of a carpet

A

the height of the fibers from the surface of the backing to the top of the pile

38
Q

what is the purpose of a cushion or underpad for a carpet

A

increases the life of the carpet, provides better resiliency, better comfort, helps with sound absorption and lessen impact noise

39
Q

what is the most common carpet backing

A

polypropylene backing yarn for woven carpet

40
Q

what are the two ways to install carpet

A

glue down or stretched-in installation

41
Q

what test does all carpet sold in the USA need to pass

A

ASTM D2859 or methenamine pill test. Measure the response of a carpet sample to a burning methenamine tablet.

42
Q

what test does the IBC say carpet must meet

A

ASTM E648 flooring radiant panel test

43
Q

what are some advantages of using tile for flooring

A

durability, water resistance, easy install, easy cleaning, lots of colour choices, fire resistance, fade resistance, can store heat for passive solar collection

44
Q

what’s the difference between ceramic tile and porcelain tile

A

ceramic tile is made of clay or a mixture of clay. fired at high heat. for porcelain, it’s made of clay but it’s lighter in colour and generally denser than ceramic clay. fired at higher temperatures than ceramic and for longer which makes it denser and harder than ceramic tile which makes it more durable and less porous and can be used outside.

45
Q

what is seamless flooring and what are the pros and cons

A

mixture of resinous matrix, fillers and decorative materials applied in a liquid or viscous form that cures to a hard seamless surface

pr- very durable, very stain and chemical resistance, very water resistance. Usually used in like commercial kitchens and hospitals

46
Q

how do you rate the slipperyness of flooring

A

COF coefficient of Friction measures the slip resistance. From 0 to 1. The higher the number the less slippery the surface

47
Q

what factors can contribute to how slippery a floor is

A

wet vs dry, shoe material, person’s weight, angle of impact and floor contamination

48
Q

what is the most commonly used test for testing the slip resistance of floors

A

ASTM D2047 standard method for static coefficient of friction of polish-coated flooring surfaces as measured by the james machine- AKA the James machine test. Most reliable but can only be performed in a lab on smooth dry surfaces. NOT FOR WET OR ROUGH surfaces. 0.5 is the minimum required for a slip resistant floor

49
Q

what are the components to paint

A

binder- gives paint inegrity and holes the pigment
pigments- colour
liquid (or carrier)- keeps the paint fluid till it dries- evaporates. it’s water in latex paint
additives- gives it certain attrubutes like mildewcides

50
Q

what are some cons about oil paint

A

smells bad, might make the paint yellow or crack as it ages, need to be cleaned up with solvents

51
Q

when would you use an epoxie finish

A

on something you need to be very durably finished. Like concrete floors. Adheres to metal as well. Resists corrosion

52
Q

when it comes to paint, what should the designer be aware of for important environmental and safety info

A

lead based paint removal and VOC volite organic compounds

53
Q

what year does a building need to be built before that might have lead paint in it

A

1978

54
Q

how do you get ride of lead paint in a home

A

you can cover the wall with a new layer of GWB or repainting it. You should get a consultant in if you think there is lead paint who can tell you the best course of action

55
Q

what is the amount of VOC in non-flat interior and exterior coatings

A

380 g/l

56
Q

what factors about paint determines how many VOC’s are aloud in it

A

the type of coating and the gloss type

57
Q

what is a typical wallpaper roll width and length and square footage

A

20.5” wide x 21 feet, 36 square feet

58
Q

what is a pattern reapeat in wallpaper

A

the distance from one point to the next instance of the same point in the pattern

59
Q

what is straight matching wallpaper

A

when one length of wallpaper is directly matched horizontally and the pattern continues with out moving the paper

60
Q

what is drop matching wallpaper

A

if the next peice of wallpaper is lowered to continue the pattern

61
Q

why would you use a vinyl wallcovering. what is it’s roll size

A

abrasion resistant and satisfies most code requirements for flammability

rolls are usually 52 or 54” wide and 30 yards long

62
Q

what grades of vinyl wallcovering are there and describe

A

type 1- light duty- residential and commersial where little or not abuse expected
type 2- medium duty- residential and commercial and institutional where moderate amount of abuse is expected (offices, classrooms)
type 3- heavy duty- public corridors, hospitals

63
Q

why should you prime the wall before using vinyl wallcovering

A

on new wallboard to prevent damage to the wall if the wallcovering is removed

64
Q

how do you seam vinyl wallcovering

A

double cutting- overlapping adjacent strips and cutting through and removing both. gets a really tight butt joint.
overlap the wallpaper by like 1 or 2 inches, cut through both strips, remove the top strip, then peel back the one side and remove the strip underneath

butting- used for patterned wallcovering where matching is critical (so you can’t overlap the wallcovering) or with dark coloured or textured material where removal of adhesive is hard

65
Q

what’s different about fabric wallcovering vs wallpaper

A

fabric must be backed with some other material to prevent the adhesive from damaging the fabric. Also to give the fabric additional dimensional stability.

Also must adhere to the fire rating codes like being fire resistant itself or be fire-retardant treated.

66
Q

what are the two aspecs of acoustical panels that you need to select

A

fabric type- fabric needs to let the sound through so can’t be backed. Balanced weaves like jaquards and damasks are good. bad = satin and basket weaves

core material- can be loose or tackable. can be batting or mineral fiberboard

make sure none of these things absorb moisture which causes distortion

NCIDQ (33 decks)

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