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NCIDQ > Chapter 17: Architectural Woodwork > Flashcards

Chapter 17: Architectural Woodwork Flashcards

1
Q

what is another name for architectural woodwork

A

millwork

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2
Q

why is architectural wood work higher quality

A

because it’s done in a ship where you have special machinery and you can finish things better wheras on site you can’t do all of that

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3
Q

what are the grades of millwork

A

premium, custom and economy

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4
Q

what is the most common grade of millwork

A

Custom- still high quality but not super high quality

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5
Q

What is modular casework

A

fabricated cabinets that are selected from a manufacturer’s standard product line- like kitchen and baths. Cabinets that are not custom sized

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6
Q

what is softwood and hardwood

A

softwood is evergreen trees

hardwood is deciduous trees

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7
Q

why is most millwork made from veneer stock instead of solid stock

A

because of the limited availability of many hardwood species

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8
Q

name and describe the ways that solid stock lumber is cut from a log

A
  1. plain sawing (or flat sawing- take a log and just cut straight across- most efficient use of the log and the least expensive. creates cathedrals
  2. Quarter sawing- cutting the log in to quarters and then sawing straight across the quarter. more uniformly vertical grain. tests to twist and cup and shrink less, hold paint better and have fewer defects
  3. Rift Sawing - cut the log in quarters than cut the log at angles towards the center- cuts radially to the center of the tree. more waste and more expensive
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9
Q

are all types of cuts available in all wood species

A

no

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10
Q

what are the ways that veneer is cut off a log

A
  1. plain slicing- same as solid stock
  2. quarter slicing- same as solid stock
  3. rotary slicing - log is mounted on a lathe and a continuous layer of veneer is peeled off the log. Very grainy. not good for high end stuff but has the least amount of waste.
  4. Half round slicing - similar to rotary but the log is cut in half first. Still pretty grainy
  5. Rift slicing- cut the log in quarters and cutting at a 15 degree angle to the growth rings. Straight grain. Used with oak to get rid or some of the cathedrals
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11
Q

what is the name of individual veneers that come off a log

A

flitch

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12
Q

what is the purpose of millwork joints that don’t use screws etc

A

to hide the fasteners to make it look better. also improves strength

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13
Q

name the 9 joint details in the NCDIQ book

A

half lap

finger joint
scarf
rabbet
dado
dovetail dado
miter
shoulder miter
splintered miter
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14
Q

how to installers fit counter tops precicely to the wall

A

they use a scribe that is trimmed in the field to follow the irregularities of the wall

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15
Q

what should you make sure to have when installing upper cabinets in steel stud frame construction

A

you need wood blocking in the wall to attach the cabinets to

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16
Q

name the four basic categories of door and drawer front construction (don’t describe)

A

flush, flush overlay, reveal overlay and lipped overlay

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17
Q

What is Flush door construction

A

the face of the drawer is flush with the face frame

expensive to make sure the doors and frame align. sometimes the doors and drawers will sag which creates non uniform spacing

typical face frame doors

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18
Q

what is lipped overlay cabinet door construction

A

where the door overlaps the face frame slightly- the doors are not flush with the face frame. the doors are knotched out so that about 1/2 the depth is gone

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19
Q

what is flush overlay construction

A

where the doors completely cover the face frame- like my ikea kitchen. really no face frame, just a gable

aka european cabinets

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20
Q

what is reveal overlay construction

A

the doors overlap the face frame (attached to the gable) and leave a 3/4” gap between them. door is fully in front of the face frame

less expensive than flush overlay because minor misalignment are not as noticeable

more traditional method

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21
Q

name the two types of wood paneling

A

stile and rail aka raised panel

flush

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22
Q

name the three general concepts for matching veneer panels

A

matching between adjacent veneer leaves
matching veneers within a panel
matching panels within a room

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23
Q

what type of veneer matching is book matching.

A

matching adjacent veneer leaves

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24
Q

what type of veneer matching is slip matching and what is it

A

matching adjacent veneer leaves

where you don’t mirror the panels. Just put it side by side

25
Q

what type of veneer matching is random matching and what is it

A

matching adjacent veneers

veneers in a random sequence. Can even use different flitches

26
Q

which type of veneer matching yields the maximum continuity of grain

A

book matching

27
Q

what is running match used for and what is it-

A

when bookmatching veneers

misc sizes of veneer panels put side by side. the panel that is cut at the end continues on the next wall

28
Q

what is balance match used for and what is it

A

when book matching veneer - veneer panels of equal width along each wall

29
Q

what is center matching and what is it used for

A

when book matching veneer - even number of leaves that are the same width so that there is a veneer joint in the center of the panel so it looks like it continues from panel to panel but there is maybe a reveal

30
Q

what is a warehouse match and what is it

A

for installing panels
least expensive
4 x 8 panel or 4 x 10 panel made from a single flitch that you get 6-12 panels from. they are field cut to fit around doors and windows as required. seams in panels are not aligned with anything (door edges etc), the width of the panel remains the same at all times
has some loss of grain continuity

31
Q

name the three ways of matching bookmatched veneers within one panel

A

running match
balance match
center match

32
Q

name the three ways veneer panels can be installed in a room

A

warehouse match
sequence match
blueprint matching

33
Q

what is the most expensive type of bookmatching within one panel

A

center match

34
Q

what is sequence matching and what is it used for

A

for installing panels in a room

specifically made for that room, might not all be the same width. aligns with doors and windows

35
Q

what is blueprint matching and what is it used for

A

for installing panels in a room
like sequence matching where it’s made specifically for a room, but this time the grain is matched up panel by panel so you don’t lose any grain continuity

36
Q

what’s the most expensive way of installing panels (pattern wise)

A

blueprint matching

37
Q

what is the least expensive way of installing panels (Pattern wise)

A

warehouse matching

38
Q

how can you hang wood panels on a wall- name two hardwares

A

cleats or z-clips

39
Q

what are popular substrates for laminate wall panels.

A

veneer core (veneers that make up a core- like fir- not recommended for interior use), MDF, plywood or particle board.

40
Q

what is the most commonly used laminate substrate

A

45 lbm density particle board is the most commonly used because it’s smooth, has good impact resistance and provides good strength for using screws

41
Q

what would you use for a laminate substrate if you were using a gloss laminate

A

mdf because it’s the smoothest but it’s more expensive and not as good at holding screws

42
Q

why would you need to add a backer to a panel of plam

A

for large applications- if you have a core and you put a sheet of plam on the front, you need to balance that pulling out with plam on the back for structural balance so it won’t warp

43
Q

what is standing trim (millwork)

A

an item of fixed length like door or window casing that can be installed with a single length of trim

usually custom fabricated in a mill and then installed on the job site- not like finish carpentry

44
Q

what is running trim (millwork)

A

item of continuing length like baseboard, chair rail or cornice

usually custom fabricated in a mill and then installed on the job site- not like finish carpentry

45
Q

what must you do in wood millwork design to help with shrinking and swelling

A

allow for movement to take place without putting too much stress on the wood joints.

46
Q

what climate factors should you take in to consideration when building millwork

A

the relative humidity of where you are located

47
Q

what is the optimum moisture content of millwork for interiors for most of the states, ontario and quebec. and what relative humidity level is required to keep it that way

A

5% to 10% moisture content and 25 to 55% relative humdity

48
Q

do the coastal climates get to have higher humidity levels in their millwork because they are on the coast

A

yes. 8% to 13%. Same with drier climates- can be lower

49
Q

for millwork, is a factory or field finish better

A

factory because it’s easier to control

50
Q

what types of millwork might be field finished

A

trim work, minor cabinetry work, touch ups

51
Q

name the three “categories” of millwork finishes

A

Opaque
transparent
stains

52
Q

when would you use an opaque millwork finish

A

on closed grain woods, MDF

53
Q

what are the pros and cons to using a lacquer finish on millwork

A

pro- easy to apply and repair, pretty low cost.

con- doesn’t provide chemical wear resistance as other

54
Q

what is the difference between varnish and polyurethane

A

varnish is more durable and has more “solids”. Made out of resins

polyurethane comes in water based and is good for low use items. It’s basically plastic in a liquid form

If you want something more durable use a varnish.

Varnish protects from UV. Cheaper too usually

55
Q

what is the most traditional finish for wood millwork

A

oil finishes. you need to reoil and tend to darken with age

56
Q

what’s the difference between a water based and solved based wood stain

A

water based- uniform colour but raises the grain

wolvent base- dry quick, less uniform and do not raise the grain

stain before you finish with top coat

57
Q

what types of millwork are not governed by the IBC

A

things that are not an “interior finish” like some types of trim, handrails, guard rails or anything thinnger than 0.36”, free standing furniture, cabinets, shelves

58
Q

when can you use as much veneer panels in a space as you want

A

if it’s thinner than 0.36” and is on a fire-retardant treated material. Also make sure the blocking is fire retardant

59
Q

how can interior designers help with ecological concerns when it comes to specifying wood products

A

specify woods that are from a sustainable source or choose a domestic species that is in plentiful supply or use composite wood veneers.

NCIDQ (33 decks)

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