PX- Chapter 13: Mechanical & Electrical Systems Flashcards
what are the two primary ways of heating and cooling air?
air and water
in the plenum, if fire rated partitions extend above the suspended ceiling and have hvac ducts or openings for return air running through them, what needs to be done
where the wall is penetrated, fire dampers are required to automatically close in the event of a fire to contain its spread
what is a convector in the scope of heating and cooling
a coil unit used in an all water system for heating. a convector is in each space in which hot water is circulated. Like old radiators
what is a mixing box in a plenum and what type of system is it a part of.
it adjusts the quantity or temperature of air going in to a space from the main air supply line. it reduces the velocity of the air and controls noise. Thermostats are connected to these. Part of a variable air volume system. can be quite large. Expensive and difficult to move
when you should look at mechanical drawings- before or after drawing the RCP
before
what is a plumbing chase wall and where are they commonly used
two runs of studs separated by several inches determined by the largest pipe that needs to be concealed.
used in commercial back to back washrooms
who determines the location of thermostats
the mechanical engineer
keep away from exterior walls or heat sources though.
how far away from a window should a drapery panel be and why
2” to avoid excessive heat buildup which might cause the glass to crack or break.
when a wall is penetrated by a HVAC pipe, how do you control noise going between rooms
sealed with acoustic sealant around any cracks or openings
when would you use a slot air diffuser
in a GWB ceiling or where you want to minimize the look of the diffusers or where you don’t have the space for a 12 x 12 or 24 x 24 square one.
who designs the outlets power and data plan?
he designer then the electrical engineer takes the design and does the specs etc
in residential construction, how far apart is the max for outlets
12’ max
which plan do you show electrical info on for residential and commercial design
residential- show it on the construction plan because it’s pretty simple.
commercial- do a separate electrical plan because there is usually more info cluttering up the construction plan.
However you can show them on the furniture plan too if your furniture is significantly influencing your outlet locations- like for office stations
does the designer show dimensions of outlets on their plan
only if the dimension is critical to the design
what does HVAC stand for
heating, ventilating & air conditioning
what are the two major components of a plumbing system
water supply (hot and cold) and drainage
why are small pipes used and housed in walls
because the water is under pressure to each individual plumbing fixutre.
why are drain pipes difficult to work with
because they rely on gravity to drain, they need to slope
what is a soil stack
a vertical plumbing line that carries human waste from toilets
what is a waste stack
a vertical plumbing stack that carries waste other than human waste
what is a wet column in a commercial building
a structural column where hot and cold water supply and drainage risers are located other than at the core. Used so that individual tenants can easily tap in to the lines if need be with out having to connect to more remote plumbing near the core
what are the three major objectives of fire protection and life safety
- the protection of property
- the protection of life
- restoration and continued use of the building after a fire
How can you protect buildings from fire? Name 5 ways
- preventing fires
- early fire detection and alarm
- providing quick exiting of the building occupants
- containing the fire
- suppressing the fire
what is compartmentation in fire protection and how does it related to ID
basic idea is to contain a fire and limit its spread. we need to be able to maintain it and not ruin the compartment the architect designed.
what is the most dangerous part about fire
the smoke inhalation and other gases, more than the flames and heat exposure
how do you control the spread of smoke in fires
containment, exhaust and sometimes dilution.
the same things that compartmentalize fires do the same for smoke. like using fire dampers and gaskets on fire doors and automatic closing fire doors.
Name four types of fire detection devices and what they do. Which one is an early warning system?
- Ionization detector- responds to products of combustion-ionized particles rather than to smoke. Can detect fire before it bursts into flames- early warning systems.
- photoelectric detectors - respond to smoke that obscures a light beam on the device. Requires a lot of smoke to work
- Rise of temperature detectors- sense the presence of heat and trip the alarm once a particular temperature is reached. Flames need to be present to produce heat which might be a lot later than the toxic smoke
- Flame detectors- respond to infrared or UV radiation given off by flames. Again they need flames so not an early warning sign
what is the best way to suppress a fire
sprinklers
IBC says you need sprinklers in buildings that are over how high?
75 feet
which types of sprinklers are best for remodeling
horizontal sidewall sprinklers because they can be plumbed from the wall instead of the ceiling
according to the NFPA 13 how many groups of fire hazards are there and how far apart do the sprinklers need to be for the one we use the most
- light hazard- residences, offices, hospitals, schools and restaurants: 1 per 200 square feet but for open joist ceilings its 1 per 130 square feet. Max spacing is 15 feet and half of that to the wall
- ordinary and extra hazard
what is a standpipe
pipes that run the height of a building and provide water outlets at each floor for the fire ppl- those pipes in the stairways of buildings.
what types of security do we need to be aware of in a home
- perimeter protection- entry points - doors and windows, things on the door or windows
- area or room protection- within a room in the house- the laser beam, infrared detectors
- object protection- tampering with actual objects.
Names some access control devices
- simplest and traditional is the mechanical lock with a key with a cover plate. but ppl can copy keys
- electronic locks- can monitor who enters when . card reader is the most common or numbered keypads
what is a VAV box vs mixing box vs terminal reheat
VAV is a mixing box of sorts, it varies the quantity of air in a space and reduces the noise. one duct in, one (or many)ducts out depending on how many rooms the thermostat is controlling
mixing box with two lines in - hot and cool
thermal reheat has a hot water coil that provides additional heat- has a copper pipe leading to it.
