PVD 2

Question 1

What is the symptom of PAD that causes leg pain when you walk but goes away at rest?

Answer 1

claudication

Question 2

Classification scheme for peripheral artery disease

Answer 2

Rutherford

Question 3

What clinical presentations are called “critical limb ischemia”

Answer 3

Stages 4-6

• Rest Pain
• Minor tissue loss
• Severe tissue loss

Question 4

Patients with PAD have 5x greater chance of dying from

Answer 4

CVD

Question 5

What test that compares upper and lower limb blood pressures can predict severity of PAD (thus odds of MI, stroke. or CV death)?

Answer 5

ABI

Question 6

What are the major risk factors for vascular disease?

Answer 6

smoking, HTN, diabetes

Question 7

Major PAD symptoms are

Answer 7

claudication, rest pain, tissue loss

Question 8

Treatment for PAD

Answer 8

Medical (plus exercise and risk modification)

Surgical (bypass or endovascular)

Question 9

Treatment for PAD that has the best improvement for claudication

Answer 9

Walking (can see drastic increase in walking distance if they work through the pain little by little)

Question 10

Drug used for intermittent claudication with treadmill treatment for PAD

Answer 10

Cilostazol

Question 11

Most strokes are caused not by hemorrhage, but by

Answer 11

cerebrovascular atherosclerosis causing infarction

Question 12

Carotid Stenosis Symptoms

Answer 12

1. asymptomatic
2. Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
3. Stroke

Question 13

What is a stroke-like symptoms that last less than 24 hours and is characterized by weakness in arms or legs, slurred speech, or visual problems?

Answer 13

TIA

Question 14

Imaging technique used to diagnose carotid stenosis; Measures blood velocity in carotid arteries (narrowing increases velocity)

Answer 14

Carotid Duplex

Question 15

What physical exam indicates carotid disease?

Answer 15

Bruit

Question 16

Medical treatment for stroke prevention

Answer 16

Aspirin

Clopidogrel

Question 17

Surgical treatment for stroke prevention

Answer 17

Carotid Endarterectomy (removal of plaque)

Question 18

The abdominal aorta bifurcates at the level of the

Answer 18

belly button

Question 19

Odd but what factors are AAA protective?

Answer 19

1. female sex
2. black race
3. diabetes

Question 20

AAA Symptoms

Answer 20

Asymptomatic (majority)

1. Distal emboli, Abdominal /back pain
2. Rupture (pain, hypotension, pulsating mass)

Question 21

When is surgery for AAA recommended or needed?

Answer 21

1. 5.5 cm or greater size

2. symptomatic/ruptured AAA

Question 22

What physical exam indicates AAA?

Answer 22

pulsatile mass in abdomen

Question 23

Surgical treatment options for AAA

Answer 23

1. Open repair (remove plaque & sew after placing graft)

2. Endovascular repair (insert graft via cath)

Question 24

Most common complications from PAD 1 year after treatment

Answer 24

Death (25%)
Amputation
CLI (critical limb ischemia)

Question 25

Smoking is the major risk factor for both

Answer 25

carotid artery disease & AAA

Question 26

devices that help prevent the spread of clot/plaque debris into circulation during carotid surgical intervention, especially into the brain

Answer 26

Cerebral protection devices