Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiology-Exam 2 > Anti-Lipid Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-Lipid Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-lipid Drugs:
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors; decrease cholesterol synthesis and increase LDL receptors; risk of VTE, hepatotoxicity and myopathy

A

Statins (Class 1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Statin drugs with the highest potency (best reductions at low doses)

A

Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Rosuvastatin (Crestor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why must some statin drugs be taken at night?

A

Liver cholesterol synthesis peaks between midnight and 2am (depending on sleep cycles), and some statins have short half-lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which anti-lipid drugs have the highest risk of birth defects (Category X)

A

Statins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Risks of statin drugs

A

VTE
Hepatotoxicity
Myopathy (Rhabdomyolysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why might inhibitors of liver cytochromes make statin side effects worse?

A

Since statins are degraded by the liver, inhibiting statin metabolism will increase adverse effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Statin drugs primarily decrease LDL and TG; no effects on HDL (True or False)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Example of Bile Acid Binding Agents (BABA)

A

Colestipol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anti-lipid Drugs:
Increase elimination of bile acids by binding to them, drawing more cholesterol out of liver; increase LDL receptors; mainly GI side effects

A

Bile Acid Binding Agents (BABA) (Class II)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why are pregnant women given BABAs instead of statins

A

BABAs stay in the GI tract, so don’t enter the blood stream of the mother or fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Risks for BABAs

A 
GI symptoms (flatulence, constipation, diarrhea)
Reduce absorption of other drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When should you take other drugs around a BABA?

A

Either 1 hour before or 3 hours after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Niacin also known as?

A

Vitamin B3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Anti-lipid Drugs:
Inhibits the synthesis of TGs in the liver; can cause flushing and insulin resistance; possibilities of birth defects (Category C)

A

Niacin (Class 3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which anti-lipid drug can cause insulin resistance, and thus should be used cautiously in diabetics

A

Niacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Anti-lipid Drugs:
Inc. LDL receptor; activate LPL; increase FFA metabolism; have “-fib” root in name; can cause myopathy when used with high-dose statins; increase bleeding risk (warfarin effects); variable effects on LDL, TG and HDL

A

Fibric Acid Derivatives (Class 4)

17
Q

Why might fibric acid derivatives being used with statin drugs cause myopathies?

A

FADs inhibit statin absorption into liver, so stays in serum

18
Q

How do fibric acid derivatives affect serum warfarin levels?

A

Compete with warfarin binding site on albumin, displacing warfarin and increasing the amount in the blood

19
Q

Anti-lipid Drugs:
Blocks absorption of cholesterol from intestines via NPC1; stimulates LDL receptor due to dec. cholesterol; can be combined with statins (block synthesis)

A

Ezetimibe (Class 5)

20
Q

Why might coupling statins with Ezetimibe (absorption inhibitor) be beneficial?

A

Block both synthesis and absorption of cholesterol, addressing the two main sources of cholesterol

21
Q

Anti-lipid Drugs:

promote uptake of cholesterol into the liver via PCSK9 inhibition; monoclonal antibody; can’t take orally

A

Alirocumab (Class 6)

22
Q

How does Alirocumab help clear serum cholesterol?

A

It’s an antibody against a chemical that promotes the degradation of LDL receptor (it inhibits and inhibitor, in a sense)

23
Q

Which anti-lipid drug can not be taken orally, due to potential degradation in the GI tract?

A

Alirocumab (monoclonal antibody)

24
Q

Most widely prescribed anti-lipid drug

A

Statins

25
Q

What are the statin drugs that need to be taken at night because of their short half-lives?

A

Fluvastatin
Simvastatin
Lovastatin

*FSL (For Short Life)

26
Q

What enzyme in the liver inactivates statins for metabolism?

A

CYP3A4

27
Q

What statins are inactivated by CYP3A4 enzyme?

A

Atorvastatin
Simvastatin
Lovastatin

*ASL (Avoid Serious Level)

28
Q

What anti-HTN drug increases the risk of muscle damage/rhabdomyolysis?

A

Amlodipine

29
Q

What caution should be taken with statins when the patient is on amlodipine?

A

simvastatin should NOT exceed 20mg per day.

Cardiology-Exam 2 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions