PVD 1 Flashcards
Localized abnormal dilatations of blood vessels due to vessel weakness; may occur in cardiac chamber; defined as at least a 50% increase in diameter of a vessel
Aneurysm
Aneurysm that is bounded by complete but dilated vessel wall components is considered a (true/false) aneurysm; atherosclerotic, syphilitic, congenital
True
Aneurysm that involves an extravascular hematoma that communicates with the intravascular space is considered a (true/false) aneurysm; pulsating hematoma
False
A fusiform aneurysm is shaped like a…
oval parallel to the long axis
A saccular aneurysm is shaped like a…
bubble-like outpouching
A dissecting aneurysm is
blood passing through a tear in the intima into the tunica media (separates the vessel wall layers)
An aneurysm associated with syphilis is usually located in the.
ascending aorta
An aneurysm associated with cystic media degeneration is usually located in the
ascending/thoracic aorta
An aneurysm associated with atherosclerosis is usually located in the
abdominal aorta muscular arteries (coronary, popliteal)
Difference between Atherosclerosis and Aneurysm (in regards to inflammation)
Atherosclerosis: inflammation on intima
Aneurysm: inflammation on adventitia
AAA is always associated with severe
atherosclerosis and mural thrombosis
Aneurysm caused by bacterial infection
mycotic aneurysm
Type of AAA with dense periaortic (around aorta) fibrosis and inflammation caused by lymphocytes, macrophages, etc.
Inflammatory aneurysms
Autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with fibrillin-1 defect; fragmented elastic fibers in aortic media and valves; high incidence of valve regurgitation, vessel dissection and rupture; tall, slender, thin extremities, long fingers, kyphosis
Marfan syndrome
Congenital syndrome with type III procollagen defect; arteries are as fragile as tissue paper
Type IV Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Atherosclerotic plaques commonly occur at…
bifurcations (like carotid artery)
Blood passing from the aortic lumen through a tear in the intima into the tunica medica then propagates in a FALSE LUMEN
Aortic dissection