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HUMAN BIO > puzzle cardiovascular system (definitions) > Flashcards

puzzle cardiovascular system (definitions) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

circular rings of smooth muscle that regulate blood flow into that capillary

A

precapillary sphincters

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2
Q

lower number recorded when measuring arterial blood pressure

A

diastolic pressure

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3
Q

blood vessel that conducts blood toward the heart

A

vein

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4
Q

blood flow to and from virtually all of the tissues of the body

A

systemic circuit

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5
Q

junction between adjacent cardiac cells: with desmosomes and gap junctions

A

intercalated disc

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6
Q

one-way valves located between the atria and the ventricle; bicuspid and tricuspid valves

A

atrioventricular valves

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7
Q

valve located between the left atrium and ventricle; consists of 2 flaps of tissue

A

bicuspid valve

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8
Q

blood cell that is composed mostly of hemoglobin and functions in the transportation of oxygen

A

erythrocyte

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9
Q

valve located between the left atrium and ventricle: also bicuspid valve (3 words)

A

left atrioventricular valve

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10
Q

string-like extensions of connective tissue that extend from the atrioventricular valves to the cardiac muscle

A

chordae tendineae

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11
Q

accumulation and adhesion of platelets at the site of blood vessel injury

A

platelet plug

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12
Q

vessels that supply the heart with oxygenated blood

A

coronary arteries

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13
Q

most abundant plasma protein, accounting for the osmotic pressure of the plasma

A

albumin

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14
Q

thrombus that has broken free form the blood vessel wall and entered the circulation

A

embolus

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15
Q

upper or receiving chamber of the heart that pumps blood into the lower chambers

A

atrium

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16
Q

large vein that returns blood to the heart from the inferior portion of the body

A

inferior vena cava

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17
Q

force exerted by the blood against the wall of a vessel

A

blood pressure

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18
Q

erythrocytes

A

RBC

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19
Q

valve located at the base of the aorta

A

Aortic semilunar valve

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20
Q

period of time between the onset of atrial systole and ventricular diastole

A

cardiac cycle

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21
Q

small vessel leading from the capillaries to veins

A

venule

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22
Q

period of time when the heart muscle is contracting

A

systole

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23
Q

larger number recorded when measuring arterial blood pressure

A

systolic pressure

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24
Q

soluble plasma protein involved in blood clotting; converted into fibrin

A

fibrinogen

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25
Q

amount of blood pumped by each ventricle during one minute

A

cardiac output

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26
Q

component of the ECG that represents the repolarization of the ventricle

A

T wave

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27
Q

bone marrow cell that produces platelets

A

megakaryocyte

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28
Q

term used for the right atrioventricular valve

A

tricuspid valve

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29
Q

one of the primary pumping chambers of the heart located in the lower portion of the heart

A

ventricle

30
Q

colorless, nucleated blood cell, the chief function of which is to protect the body from disease

A

leukocyte

31
Q

veins that carry highly oxygenated blood into the left atrium

A

pulmonary veins

32
Q

smallest of blood vessels where physical exchange occurs between the blood and tissue cells

A

capillary

33
Q

platelets

A

thrombocytes

34
Q

aggregation of fibrin, platelets, and erythrocytes in people suffering from atherosclerosis

A

thrombus

35
Q

physiological process by which bleeding ceases

A

hemostasis

36
Q

valve located between the right atrium and ventricle; also called tricuspid valve

A

right atrioventricular valve

37
Q

chronic and persistent blood pressure measurements of 140/90 mmHg or above

A

hypertension

38
Q

large vein that returns blood to the heart from the superior portion of the body

A

superior vena cava

39
Q

component of the ECG that 1) represents the depolarization of the ventricles
2) masks repolarization of atria

A

QRS complex

40
Q

in blood, the liquid extracellular matrix composed mostly of water

A

plasma

41
Q

valve at the base of the pulmonary artery

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

42
Q

transmits the impulse from the AV node to the apex of the heart

A

atrioventricular bundle

43
Q

cell fragments broken off from megakaryocytes; also thrombocyte

A

platelets

44
Q

largest artery in the body, originating from the left ventricle and descending to the abdominal region

A

aorta

45
Q

receives the impulse from the SA node, pauses and then transmits it to the ventricles

A

atrioventricular node

46
Q

insoluble, filamentous protein that forms the structure of a blood clot

A

fibrin

47
Q

red, iron-containing pigment towhich oxygen bindsin RBCs

A

hemoglobin

48
Q

period of time when the heart muscle is relaxed and the chambers fill with blood

A

diastole

49
Q

recording of the electrical signals of the heart

A

electrocardiogram (ECG)

50
Q

fibers that ______ and spread the impulse to the walls of both ventricles before they contract

A

purkinje fibers

51
Q

unusual heart sound detected by auscultation; usually related to valve defects

A

murmur

52
Q

blood pressure cuff attached to a device that measures blood pressure

A

sphygmomanometer

53
Q

carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to each of the lungs

A

pulmonary artery*

54
Q

blood flow to and from the lungs

A

pulmonary circuit

55
Q

known as the pacemaker, a specialized clump cells located in the superior portion of the right atrium

A

sinoatrial node

56
Q

vessels that drain the heart of its wastes

A

coronary veins

57
Q

difference between systolic and diastolic pressures (2 words)

A

pulse pressure

58
Q

number of times the heart contracts (beats) per minute

A

heart rate

59
Q

constriction of the smooth muscle of a blood vessel, resulting in a decreased diameter

A

vasoconstriction

60
Q

noises created by turbulent flow through the vessels

A

korotkoff sounds

61
Q

leukocytes (3 words)

A

white blood cells

62
Q

formation of a blood clot; part of the process of hemostasis

A

coagulation

63
Q

liquid connective tissue made of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets plus a fluid extracellular matrix

A

blood

64
Q

enzyme essential for the final steps in formation of a fibrin clot

A

thrombin

65
Q

valve located between the left atrium and ventricle; also called bicuspid valve

A

mitral valve

66
Q

relaxation of the smooth muscle in the wall of a blood vessel; resulting in an increased vascular diameter

A

vasodilation

67
Q

network of 10-100 capillaries connecting arterioles to venules

A

capillary bed

68
Q

very small artery that leads to a capillary

A

arteriole

69
Q

sounds of the closing of the atrioventricular valves (‘‘Lub’’) and semilunar valves (‘‘dub’’)

A

heart sounds

70
Q

excessive bleeding

A

hemorrhage

71
Q

blood vessel that conducts blood away from the heart

A

artery

72
Q

a specialized structure located within the heart or vessels that ensure one-way flow of blood

A

valve

HUMAN BIO (26 decks)

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