Purpose of the gut

Question 1

What substance does the stomach release into the duodenum?

Answer 1

Chyme

Question 2

Name 3 functions of the mouth

Answer 2

Breakdown of food, digestive enzymes released, infection control

Question 3

Name 3 functions of the esophagus

Answer 3

Rapid transport of bolus to stomach, UOS prevents air entering GI tract, LOS prevents reflux into eosophagus

Question 4

Name 4 functions of the stomach

Answer 4

Storage, produce chyme, Infection control, secrete intrinsic factor (vit B12)

Question 5

What is chyme?

Answer 5

fluid that passes out of the stomach consisting of gastric secretions and partially digested food

Question 6

What is the function of the duodenum?

Answer 6

start of small intestine and neutralisation

Question 7

What is the function of the jejunum and ileum?

Answer 7

nutrient, electrolyte and water absorption, B12 absorption

Question 8

What is the function of the large bowel?

Answer 8

Final water absorption, temporary storage, final electrolyte absorption

Question 9

Which part of the bowel absorbs the most water?

Answer 9

Small bowel

Question 10

What do preganglionic fibres release?

Answer 10

Acetylcholine

Question 11

What do postganglionic fibres release?

Answer 11

Acetylcholine, neuropeptides, norepinepherine

Question 12

Which nerves are parasympathic?

Answer 12

Vagus nerve, pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 13

Which parts of the parasympathetic nervous system innervate the gut?

Answer 13

Brain & sacral spine S2-S4

Question 14

Which parts of the sympathetic nervous system innervate the gut?

Answer 14

T5-L2

Question 15

What is the enteric nervous system?

Answer 15

independent part of the nervous system from esophagus to anus

Question 16

What are the 2 main plexuses in the enteric nervous system?

Answer 16

Submucosal, myenteric (between circular and longitudinal muscle)