Pancreas and Liver Flashcards
Name 3 properties of chyme
Low pH, hypertonic and partially digested
What does Brunners glands do?
Secrete alkaline substance to protect cells lining the duodenum from acidic chyme
What happens to chyme in the duodenum?
Hypertonic chyme draws in water making it isotonic as it leaves the duodenum
What 2 hormones are released from the duodenum and what do they do?
Secretin = acts on pancreas to release aqueous bicarbonate CCK = acts on pancreas to release enzymes and on the gallbladder to contract and relax the sphincter of oddi
What proportion of the pancreas function is exocrine?
90%
Where are enzymes stored in the pancreas?
Granules in the acinar cells
Where is bicarbonate produced in the pancreas?
Duct cells
What type of enzyme is produced in the pancreas in inactive form?
Proteases (trypsin, elastase etc-)
Which 2 ducts form the ampulla of vater?
Pancreatic duct and common bile duct
How much bile is secreted per day?
250ml-1000ml
What is bile made up of?
Bile acid, pigments and alkaline solution
What is in the portal triad?
Portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct
What is the functional area of a liver lobule called?
Acinus
What is the clinical importance of zones in a liver acinus ?
The zone can indicate the reason for liver damage. Zone 3 closest to the central vein can show ischaemia while zone 1 on the peripheral side of the lobule can show toxicity
What are bile salts made of and why?
Bile acids conjugated with amino acids, this is more soluble than acids alone in the duodenum.
