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Respiratory system > Pulmonary volumes and capacities > Flashcards

Pulmonary volumes and capacities Flashcards

1
Q

How are pulmonary volumes measured?

A

Spirometry

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2
Q

What presents the results of spirometry?

A

Spirogram

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3
Q

How many pulmonary volumes are there?

A

Four

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4
Q

What are the different pulmonary volumes?

A

Tidal volume

Inspiratory reserve volume

Expiratory reserve folum

Residual volume

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5
Q

What is the tidal volume?

A

Volume of air inspired or expired at rest

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6
Q

What is the inspiratory reserve volume?

A

Extra volume of air over tidal volume that person can breathe in forcefully

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7
Q

What is the expiratory reserve volume?

A

Extra volume of air over tidal volume that person can breathe out forcefully

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8
Q

What is the residual volume?

A

Volume of air remaining in lungs after forceful expiration

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9
Q

How many pulmonary capacities are there?

A

Four

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10
Q

What are the different pulmonary capacities?

A

Inspiratory capacity

Vital capacity

Functional residual capacity

Total capacity

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11
Q

What is the inspiratory capacity?

A

Maximum volume of air a person can breathe in forcefully after tidal expiraton

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12
Q

How is the inspiratory capacity calculated?

A

Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

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13
Q

What is the vital capacity?

A

Maximum volume of air a person can breathe out forcefully after they’ve breathed in forcefully

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14
Q

How is the vital capacity calculated?

A

Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume

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15
Q

What is the functional residual capacity?

A

The volume of air that remains in the lungs after tidal expiration

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16
Q

How is the functional residual capacity calculated?

A

Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

17
Q

What is the total lung capacity?

A

Maximum volume of air in the lungs after breathing in forcefully

18
Q

How is the total lung capacity calculated?

A

Residual volume + expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

19
Q

What is the normal tidal volume for a young man?

A

500ml

20
Q

What is another term for the functional residual capacity?

A

Resting end-expiratory level

21
Q

What determines the resting end-expiratory level?

A

Balance between force pulling chest wall outwards

and force by elastic recoil of lungs pulling them inwards

22
Q

What is the resting end-expiratory level of a young adult compared to an older adult?

A

Old adult has a higher resting end-expiratory level

23
Q

Why does an old adult have a higher resting end-expiratory level than a young adult?

A

Old adult has less elastin in their lungs
less elastic recoil of lungs
less air expired from lungs
therefore more air left in lungs after expiration

Respiratory system (32 decks)

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