Pulmonary Disease/ Cancer Flashcards
What are some main goals of MNT for COPD?
Gain weight if under, maintain if over
Prevent malnutrition
Assess vit deficiencies
An individual on Furosemide may have a reduced what?
Serum K
Mean survival rate of COPD patients with a _____ BMI is shorter
Low
With COPD REE Is ______
Increased (can be increased up to 10 fold)
In patients on a feeding tube, what Omegas do you want to avoid?
Avoid high doses Omega 6s
Want Omegas 3s
Would you use En or PN if ventilation will last for more than 2 days?
EN
Do you use EN or PN if the gut is working?
EN
Do you use EN or PN if the patient is severely malnourished?
PN
Patients with CF need an increase in both ___ and ____.
Salt and K cals
How many units of lipase/kg/meal of pancreatic enzyme replacement do CF patients need?
500-2500 units lipase
How much Vit K do CF patients need?
2.5-5mcg/ week
How much Vit E do CF patients need?
200-400 per day
How much vit D do CF patients need?
800-1000 IU/day
How much Vit A do CF patients need?
10,000 IU/ day
How many patients with OSA (obstructive sleep apnea) are obses?
2/3
People with OSA have a lower level of ______ which may lead to decreased alertness.
Orexin
How much weight should a person with OSA lose?
5-10%
What are common S/S of OSA?
Snoring
Choking or gasping may follow pauses in breathing
Excessive daytime sleepiness
THere is a positive linear relationship b/w excess weight gain and risk of what type of cancer in women?
Endometrial
What type of cancer is increased with increased consumption of red meat, pork, lamb, beef, processed meats?
Colorectal cancer
What type cancer has been linked to processed meats, especially those with nitrates.
Stomach cancer
What should the max intake of cooked red meat be weekly?
18 oz
Cooking at high temperatures leads to the formation of what?
Heterocyclic amines (HCAs)
Omega ___ may promote prostate cancer.
Omegas 6s
Omega ___ are protective against growing tumors.
Omega 3s
What is found on the skin of grapes, and red wine?
Resveratrol
What are non nutrient substances found in foods that don’t have nutrients but may have other helpful properties?
Phytochemicals
What are two main classes of phytochemicals?
Carotenoids (beta carotene)
Flavonoids (resveratrol)
What is found in tomatoes and may reduce the risk of prostate cancer?
Lycopene
___ grams a day of soy reduced the risk of developing breast cancer.
55
Should you supplement with soy or eat it in your diet?
Eat in diet
If a women has an estrogen receptive cancer or is taking anti-estrogen medications what should they not consume?
Soy
Soy may lower ____ In men.
PSA
What foods are high in Ellagic acid?
Raspberries
Pomegranates
Strawberries
What foods and high in anthocyalinidins?
Raspberries and blueberries
Supplements of what are contraindicated with chemo?
Vitamins and minerals
When is cancer cachexia suspected?
When weight loss is >5% of pre-morbid weight is observed w/i the past month
How much protein should a cancer patient consume?
1-1.5 gm/kg/day
What should cancer patients eat?
Omega 3 fatty acids
EPA
Individuals who are ____ are more likely to have colon cancer.
Obese
