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Nutrition > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

How much weight during pregnancy should an individual who has a BMI of <18.5 gain?

A

28-40 pounds

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2
Q

How much weight during pregnancy should an individual who has a BMI of 18.5-24.9 gain?

A

25-35 pounds

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3
Q

How much weight during pregnancy should an individual who has a BMI of 25-29.9 gain?

A

15-25 pounds

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4
Q

How much should a mother who is having twins gain during her pregnancy?

A

35-45 pounds

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5
Q

How much should a mother gain during the first trimester?

A

2 lbs, no increase in calories needed

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6
Q

How much should a mother gain in the second trimester?

A

A little less than a pound a week

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7
Q

How many extra calories should a pregnant women eat in her 2nd trimester?

A

340 extra calories

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8
Q

How much should a woman gain in her 3rd timester?

A

About a pound a week

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9
Q

How many extra calories should a women in her third timester eat per day?

A

450 extra calories

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10
Q

How much folic acid is needed per day pre-pregnancy?

A

400 mcg/ day

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11
Q

How much folic acid is needed during pregnancy?

A

600 mcg/ day

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12
Q

How much folic acid is needed 1 month prior to pregnancy in women who had a child with previous NTD (neural tube defect)?

A

4000 mcg/day

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13
Q

How much calcium does the fetus need?

A

25-30 gram (~2.5% of maternal stores)

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14
Q

When is the most amount of calcium needed?

A

3rd timester

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15
Q

Why is more iron needed in pregnancy?

A

Maternal blood volume increases 20-30%

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16
Q

How much of an iron increase is needed for Maternal Nutrient Needs?

A

1000 mg

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17
Q

How should iron be supplement in pregnancy?

A

30 mg supplementation is recommended to start around 12th week of pregnancy

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18
Q

What should happen with Vitamin A in pregnancy?

A

Increase if possible, but excess should be avoided

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19
Q

What Vitamin may need to be supplemented during pregnancy?

A

Vitamin D

20
Q

When does the screening for GDM take place?

A

Between 24 and 28 weeks (high risk at 16 weeks)

21
Q

What is considered an abnormal screen (measured an hour after mother has taken 50 gm glucose load)

A

130 to 140 mg/dL

22
Q

In testing for GDM if glucose level is abnormal after first screen- what happens?

A

Perform 3 hours 100 gm glucose load

2 or more elevated glucose levels are needed for diagnosis

23
Q

What should women with GDM be screened for after delivery?

A

DMT2

24
Q

In a breast-feeding mother, how many extra calories per day are needed for the first 6 months?

A

500 calories (150 from fat stores, 350 from food)

25
Q

How many extra calories are needed in a breastfeeding mother from 7 to 9 months?

A

400 calories

26
Q

What supplement do breastfeeing mothers often need?

A

Calcium

27
Q

Where do you get the heme form of iron from?

A

Animals (meat)

28
Q

Were do you get the non-heme form of iron from?

A

Plant

29
Q

What Vitamin can help enhance iron absorption?

A

Vit C

30
Q

What is the main way to lose iron?

A

Bleeding

31
Q

What inhibits the reabsorption of iron?

A

Calcium

32
Q

What is the storage form of iron?

A

ferritin

33
Q

What makes up 1% of iron stores?

A

Transferrin

34
Q

What is the dosing for supplementing iron?

A

50-60 mg BID to TID x 3 months

35
Q

What mineral is important in wound healing?

A

ZInc

36
Q

What disease has copper deposits in organs?

A

Wilson’s disease

37
Q

What is the U/L of sodium?

A

2300 mg

38
Q

What causes hyponatremia?

A

Hydrating only with water

uncommon- seen in long distance runners

39
Q

what mineral can lower BP and reduce risk of developing oxalate kidney disease?

A

Potassium

40
Q

What mineral is linked to improving insulin’s ability to do its job?

A

Chromium

41
Q

What is a goiter due to?

A

Iodine deficiency

42
Q

Where is 40% of iodine stored?

A

thyroid

43
Q

what type symptoms can you have with manganese toxicity?

A

Parkinson’s like symptoms

44
Q

What vitamins may be needed to be supplemented if baby is breast fed?

A

Vitamin D and Vitamin K

45
Q

When assessing weight in elderly, what weight should you consider?

A

Usual body weight

Nutrition (12 decks)

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