Pulm Vascular Disorder: Pulmonary Embolism Flashcards
What is Pulm Embolism?
thrombus within pulmonary arterial bed
Embolism ______ blood flow within _______
obstructs
vessels
Pulm Embolism has a high _______ rate (%?)
mortality
30
What happens if embolus fully obstructs a large vessel?
death will occur
Embolism is the _______ and the result is the _______
process
embolus
Etiology of Pulm Embolism (4)
- usually DVT
- fracture
- air
- amniotic fluid
Etiology: How does DVT contribute to Pulm Embolism? What veins are associated?
formation of thrombus in the deep veins that embolizes and reaches the pulm circuit
Iliac, femoral, popiteal, great saphenous veins of leg
When is DVT life-threatening?
when the thrombus breaks down and form an embolus which travel to a vital organ circulation
Describe how an embolus travel to the pulm circuit starting from the inferior vena cave.
inferior v. c. –> R. atrium–> R. ventricle–> pulm artery–> pulm capilleries–> pulm veins–> clot gets caught in the smaller vessles of pulm circuit
How does a bone fracture lead to Pulm Embolism?
bone fracture–> fat in bone marrow released—> fat enter the circulation and moves as an emboli—> reaches pulm circuit –> resulting in obstruction
Bone is richly ________
vascularized
How does air lead to Pulm Embolism?
air from syringe or tubing enter the circulation and moves as an emboli—> reaches pulm circuit resulting in obstruction
How does amniotic fluid lead to Pulm Embolism?
amniotic fluid rupture during delivery (vessels are severed too) and enter circulation –> cause an obstruction in pulm circuit
Fig. 29.15 What is the saddle embolus named after? What is it?
named after the saddle like appearance of an embolus
created by a thrombus setting at an area where pulm vessels bifurcate, attracting platelets, and causing the thrombus to increase in size
Patho: How does it cause obstruction? What does it result in?
embolus from DVT getting into the arterial blood –> obstruct the vessels –> perfusion impaired