Pulm Vascular Disorder: Pulmonary Edema Flashcards
What is Pulm Edema?
accum of fluid inside the lungs
Is Pulm Edema third spacing?
YES
What are 2 reason impede GE in Pulm Edema (2)?
- reduce lung capacity
2. increase diffusion distance for gases to travel thru
Etiology of Pulm Edema (5)
Cardiogenic:
1. usualy d/t Left-sided HF
Non-Cardiogenic:
- fluid overload
- aspiration
- smoke inhalation
- narcotics
L-sided HF results in ________ ________d/t inability to pump out blood
pulmonary congestion
How does L-sided HF lead to Pulm Edema?
pulm vessels are congested –> increase CHP—> fluid move out from vessels and into lung and alveoli
How does fluid overload lead to Pulm Edema?
increase blood vol–> increase CHP–> fluids move out from vessels and into lung and alveoli
How does aspiration lead to Pulm Edema?
aspirating anything but air —> damage lungs—> inflm —> change in cap perm —> increase prod of exudate –> fluid move into lungs
How does smoke inhalation lead to Pulm Edema?
Smoke from fire are injurious to tissues –> causes damage–> Inflm —> change in cap perm —> increase prod of exudate –> fluid move into lungs
How does narcotics lead to Pulm Edema?
excessive usage–> impact brain stem–> alter perm in vessels –> fluid moves out and into lungs
Smoke Inhalation can lead to ____ ______ _____ ______
acute respiratory distress syndrome
Patho of Pulm Edema: Capillary fluids move into ________ _____ of lungs and when filled up it and moves into ________
interstitial space
alveoli
Patho of Pulm Edema: What happens to the GE and Ventilation? Respiratory function is __________-
it is impaired
compromised
50% of alveoli is filled with fluid = 50% of ____ _______ occurs in alveoli
gas exchange
fluid in alveoli will increase the _______ _________ for ___ _______ and increase effort required to oxygenate _____ and excrete ______
diffusion distance
gas exchange
blood
oxygen
What do borders of lung lobules have?
lymphatic vessels
What is visible when lymphatic vessels become engorged? What colour is it?
distinct lung lobules are visible
white
Manifestations of Pulm Edema (5)
- l/o compliance
- dyspnea
- wet crackles
- frothy coughs
- blood-tinged sputum
How compliance increase or decrease?
compliance decrease b/c alveoli are filled with fluid —> impact the ability for lungs to fill and empty
What is dyspnea related to (3)?
- hypoxia
- tachycardia
- tachypnea
Why do we hear wet crackles?
air is forcefully moved thru fluid
What induces coughing? Why is it frothy? Is it productive?
fluid irritant tissue and induce coughing
forceful movement of air thru fluid results in frothy expectorate
YES
What is the mechanism of coughing do?
In pleural effusion, fluids are outside the lungs, do coughing occur? Why? How is it described
to clear fluids out of the lungs
Yes, there is coughing at times b/c tissue associated with membranes are irritated
dry coughs
What is blood-tinged sputum, and how?
frank red blood in expectorate
r/t injury in blood vessels in lungs
Treatment of Pulm Edema (2)
- respiratory support
2. address underlying cause
What are 2 examples of respiratory support?
- drugs eg diuretics
2. symptomatic management
