pulm Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 4 questions to assess control of asthma over what period of time?
A
2
Q
asthma treatment table?
A
3
Q
what is the most effective intervention for asthma?
A
4
Q
what medications are used for rescue therapy for acute exacerbations?
A
5
Q
what medications used for long term asthma treatment?
A
6
Q
what are the treatment steps/meds used in asthma and it’s classification?
A
7
Q
what are the symptoms of theophylline toxicity?
A
8
Q
what are the agents that
- increase theophylline levels?
- decrease theophyline levels?
- decrease levels of co-administered drugs?
A
9
Q
what is the management of acute asthma exacerbations?
A
10
Q
management of asthma exacerbation in the ER?
A
11
Q
what is a poor prognostic factor during a severe asthma attack?
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12
Q
how would you manage the vent for asthmatic patients?
A
13
Q
Define COPD?
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14
Q
what is the pathophysiology of COPD?
A
15
Q
define chronic bronchitis?
A
16
Q
what is the best predictor of FEV1 in COPD?
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17
Q
what is the best predictor of death in COPD?
A
18
Q
what are the lung mechanics of emphysema?
A
19
Q
what is the CMS criteria for starting continuous O2 in COPD patients?
A
20
Q
what is the benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation?
A
21
Q
when is lung volume reduction surgery useful?
A
22
Q
when should you screen for alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency?
A
23
Q
how would you asesss COPD exacerbations?
A
24
Q
how would you treat COPD exacerbations?
A
25
when do you suspect alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency?
26
how do you diagnose and tx alpha
27
what is the classic presentation of bronchiectasis and when should you suspect it?
28
how do you diagnose bronchiectasis? what do you see?
29
how do you diagnose and findings of CF?
30
how would you manage CF?
31
what are the complications associated with CF?
32
what are the common factors of ILD and groups?
33
how do you diagnose ILD? pathophys?
34
what are cxr clues to causes of ILD?
35
benefit of bronchoscopy with biopsy and VATS for ILD?
36
parameter to follow for ILD?
37
what are the 2 categories of occupational and environmental ILD
38
what is the pathophys of hypersensitivity pneumonitis? Give examples?
39
how do you diagnose hypersensitivity pneumonitis? What do you see on studies?
40
ddx of acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis?
41
what is byssinosis?
42
Describe what happens with asbestos does with the lungs in the short term? CXR findings?
43
complication associated with asbestosis?
44
describe etiology of silicosis and cxr findings?
45
treatment and ddx of silicosis?
46
describe coal workers ILD?
47
describe berylliosis:?
48
describe typical presentation and findings of IPF?
49
presentation of IPF?
50
diagnosis of IPF? Parameters to follow?
51
Treatment of IPF?
52
what is COP? when to consider?
53
how to differentiate COP vs IPF?
54
Treatment for COP?
55
what are the effects of RA, SLE, and SS on the lungs?
56
describe the common presentation of sarcoidosis?
57
describe the findings of sarcoidosis on the lungs?
58
how do you diagnose sarcoidosis?
59
treatment of sarcoidosis?
60
what is LCH?
61
what is LAM?
62
when to consider GPA?
63
what is lymphoid granulomatosis?
64
what is Eosoniphilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
65
define the types of eosinphilic ILD and hypereosinophilic syndrome?
66
what ar ethe 3 types of eosinophilic pneumonias?
67
describe ABPA?
68
Describe idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis? Triad?
69
Describe alveolar proteinosis? organisms?
70
what autoimmune diseases are associated with pulmonary hemorrhage?
71
what cardiopulmonary diseases can cause pulmonary hemorrhage?
72
what are the situations that occur with high probability V/Q scans for PE?
73
when is a duplex ultrasound reliable for PE?
74
how to diagnose PE?
75
when is anticoagulation relatively contraindicated for PE?
76
describe the types of heparin?
77
what is the heparin antidote?
78
Describe the two types of HIT?
79
How to treat a PE? durations?
80
Fat emboli triad and treatment?
81
what are the physical findings of pulmonary hypertension?
82
how do you make the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension? The first test to order? prognostic factors?
83
how do you define PH?
84
Describe Mc causes of transudative and exudative effusion? Light Criteria?
85
How to diagnose pleural effusion?
86
what is a complicated effusion?
87
what is an empyema?
88
if Eosinophils \>10% in pleural effusion, you should think of?
89
glucose of pleural effusion around 80, think of? 60? \<30? Amylase? ADA?
90
how would malignant, mesothelioma, PE pleural effusions present?
91
Yellow nail syndrome?
92
what conditions cause pneumothorax? Primary vs secondary?
93
management of pneumothorax?
94
what can you do to prevent a pneumothorax recurrence?
95
Describe the chest tube drainage system?
96
what are the organisms associated for typical and atypical CAP?
97
what is a diagnostic sputum culture? when to do it?
98
Organism specific associations with pneumonia:
1. COPD or immunoglobulin deficiency
2. Cattle or sheep exposure?
3. Bird fanciers?
4. Hunters
5. chronic disease, immunosupression, alcohol
6. diabetes, cancer, kidney disease, HIV, recent cruise ship or hotel stay in winter/summer:
99
empiric antibiotic for CAP?
100
what is associated with drug resistant strep pneumoniae?
101
buzzwords for klebsiella pneumonia?
102
what are the 3 stages for pertusis pneumonia?
103
what are the extrapulmonary manifestations of myocplasma pneumonia? Dx, tx?
104
presentation, dx, tx of chlamydophila pneumoniae?
105
basics of legionella pneumophila?
106
what are the most commonly encountered VAP MDR infection organisms?
107
what are the most common anaerobic organisms causing aspiration pneumonia? Clinical presentation?
108
what is the most common way lung abscesses form? prseentation?
109
what is considered a positive TB test on Mantoux?
110
how long does it take for a TB skin test to react after exposure?
111
Describe new converter and booster effect with TB?
112
when can you use IGRA tests ove rskin test?
113
how do you manage someone with close contact of someone who has TB with negative TB test?
114
what are the 4 management options of LTBI in HIV negative adults?
115
what is the treatment for active TB?
116
when can a 3 drug regimen be used for active TB?
117
important side effects from TB medications?
118
what are the 2 basic groups of NTM disease in non-HIV?
119
when would you suspect a cutaneous NTM infection? organisms?
120
describe the infections associated with organ transplant and T-cell defects?
121
Treatment for PJP?
122
name causes of non-infectious lung effects?
123
If patient with AML and hemorrhage, what do you need to rule out?
124
what is the berlin definition of ARDS?
125
ARDS mnemonic?
126
what is AC mode of ventilation?
127
what is IMV?
128
what is PSV?
129
what is PCV?
130
what are possible causes of failure to wean?
131
what are the 2 categories that you can do to adjust the vent to improve ABGs?
132
when can you use high PEEP. Consequences of high PEEP?
133
how do you measure auto-peep?
134
how do you treat auto-peep?
135
what is refeeding syndrome?
136
type of shock, CO, wedge pressure, SVR, Tx
1. Hypovolemic
2. cardiogenic
3. distributive
4. obstructive:
137
define apnea and hypopnea?
138
complications of sleep disorders? diagnose?
139
define OSA - OSAHS? Risk factors?
140
define obesity hypoventilation syndrome? Findings? tx?
141
what are the causes of SVC syndrome? presentation and tx?
142
causes of anterior, middle, posterior mediastinal masses?
143
define chronic cough and ddx?
144
define hepatopulmonary syndrome?
145
how do you test and tx for HPS?
146
define the lung volumes?
147
draw the FEV1/FVC graphs labeling for TLC and RV in normal, restrictive, and obstructive disease from forced expiration from max inspiration
148
draw the Flow-volume loops and label normal vs obstructive?
149
draw flow voluem loops with obstructions
150
draw restrictive flow voluem loops?
151
