Public Speaking Flashcards
Filler sounds
Ah, hum, so… they are repetitive
On stage
Mientras hablas en publico
Como mostrar más autoridad
Evitar los movimientos continuos mientras hablamos.
Con que debemos sustituir los filler sounds
Pausas
Open up significa
Abrirse emocionalmente
One of the elements that should never be forgotten in a presentation
Tell a story.
How can we hook our audience on the spot and indicate them that we are going to tell a story
Start by… two months ago or last tuesday
Less is more.
Let´s try to say less to express more. No need of lenghy explanations.
Be descriptive in relation to the speech
Give colors,etc.
Logos
Reason
Ethos
Credibility (why should the audience believe you and not somebody else?)
Pathos
Emotion (Sympathy, empathy). Means to add feelings to the presentations
It is not what you know
Is what they can remember… focus in 3, and only 3, points in your speech
An image is more than one thousand words but words can also generate a lot of images
Use metaphors. Use photos instead of text powerpoints.
Another way of adding interest to your speech
Include how did you feel in this or the othe situation
What can we do instead of giving generic allusions?
Give concrete examples. People like them more as they like concrete images.
What is the hook?
Same when in one film they say to be continued and they break off. It is to say something but not disclose it.
What is OMG in public speaking
Something bad that makes everybody say Oh my God! later you have to return to a positive situation by telling the recovery, etc. It can be also an AHA o a WHAT. But what is clear is that we need to have a twist, something that changes the direction and make people go in a totally different direction.
What are the four ways of making humor with an audience
. Pick on individuals (reirse de uno en concreto)
. Say the unexpected (roar = descojonarse)
. Laught at yourself (self-deprecation, self-mockery)
. Be politically incorrect
If you know some words in another language please use it, it will be something your audience will like.
Raison d’être
Pasive or active voice
Allways in active voice, pasive is impersonal.
Every word counts in public speaking and negative words will count against you.
No cheap but affordable, no expensive but exclusive, no little agency but agile agency.
Use sound bites will make your speech more credible
Sound bite = cita jugosa o fragmento de entrevista
Express key concepts with matematical formulas
Idem
If you give data or statements in your speech
Provide also the source or evidence that backs them up
Stay away from self-celebration
Meaning, be humble and do not talk very well of yourself. self-celebrate=alardear. You can use social prooving for instance you can say… my boss says I am very good with computers, my wife says I am great with cars….
Add quotations to your presentations…
but no always the very known one, also ones comming from more unknown people.
Do not start talking about your products, company, etc. Start by interacting with your audience. How to do it? with questions, do questions so that you audience feels they are the important thing and not yourself
. Closed questions. Open ones could be producing noise and distraction
. Rethorical questions. All audience will agree in a yes or no way
What is the better turn to speak?
Third. You can speak in a moment that people is still paying attention, later is not so easy. On the other hand, you can hear to the previous first two speakers and later make reference to their speeches in a way that is appreciative and nice. Audiences note this and that generates a very good impression. People will perceive this as an spontaneous approach and this is what you want.
Start short one to one conversations with your audience
A good possibility is to use people that are late in the even in a funny way
In your speech, do not tell people the contents of the speech at the beginning. Maintain the suspense.
You can even talk about the three C’s,… and then start by the first concept ‘Culture’ etc. Do not tell the audience the parts of the message and make them to be hung up until the end.
Filler sounds should be removed from your speech. Instead use pauses.
Pauses are good and give credibility to your speech. They create suspense and drama to your speech.
do not use message reducers
Just like ‘I would like to talk to you a little bit about…’
Content Brakes
PlusPlus patterns that improve your speeches and presentations every time you avoid them
OK? right? damage your ethos as they are approval seeking questions they transmit uncertainty
Question tag is allowed as they are rhetorical questions, not really asking for an approval.
Do not use redudant phrases such as…
I will tell you a story.. and then start the story…
I will get back to this on slide 18, as I mentioned before, I will refer to this point again later
No back and forthing please. this jeopardizes the logical flow or arguments
When you say October 1998 what you generate?
Mental distraction as all people authomaticaly starts thinking where were they at that time. This generates mental distraction. You can use a trick you can say 23 years ago during the summer… with periods of time people do not tray to calculate where they were. Replace dates with periods of time.
What do we refer to when we say ‘You are not Louis XIV’
You should not speak in third person singular. Is arrogant and impersonal.
Sarcasm and cynics are good or bad in public speaking
Bad. Using them you show your audience feelings that most probably your prefer to keep for yourself, feelings of hurt or hanger not yet resolved.
What are minefields of antipathy?
minefield (polvorín o campo de minas) are matters that can make that you lose your audience on the spot (sex, religion, politics and some personal views).
Do not say you are sorry.
If you drop a flip chart of if you lose your train of thought, do not worry. Do not say sorry this kills your ethos.
Do not use generalizations
We all love shopping… no sure better not say it you will end up treading in somebodies toes (molestar como si les pisaras). Tread and step on is the same, step on somebodies toes.
What are delivery boosters
Plusplus patters that improve your speeches and presentations every time you apply them
Din A4 aria 12 point 1,5 lines
3 minutes. Always prepare a speech or presentation that’s shorter than the time you have been alloted
What do you do if there is not silence in front of the audience at the beginning of your speech?
Wait, in silence and with an smile. Conveys authority and self-confidence. We have three moments of truth here, silence, patience and smile the ones that you will use before your audience quiets down.
Proximity
No far from them, not so close that they feel intimidated. You need to build bridges, they are a whole and your are the stranger, you need to gain their trust.
It is good to move during your speech?
Yes it is good. Try to show your chest to the audience. You can move, stand and the speak. You can enhance your content transitions with a step to the left or to the right. If you want to add some drama, stop and then speak.
What is the Speech Structure Building TM?
Opening (foundation), the three pillars (A-B-C) and the closing the roof. And you have to relate the opening with the closing in a very creative way.
What is the princess Leia effect
Using an imaginary image (hologram) at stage. You can paint endless number of object in the mins of your audience
What should i do with my hands?
use them make mimics that reinforce your message. Boost your delivery even more by using hand gestures
Use prop (apoyos) or visual ads for your speech
Use objects, etc.
What are the three features of good props?
- Be unique
- Support, enhance and illustrate the message
- Have a surprise effect
What is the triangle of coherence?
Body, voice and content directly influences your level of authenticity as the audience perceives it. This triangle needs to be balanced, you cannot talk about the divorce of your parents smiling. So if you are saying something sad you look at the floor, then the triangle is in coherence.
What are the 4 main types of content
Inspirational, Technical, entertaining and emotional.
The nod
When you are talking about a very bad thing, you do not look at somebody that cannot understand it you look to somebody that can give you a nod. You need your nods of affirmation. When this person nods a domino effect happens in the audience. Make sure you look at the right people and hunt for that nod!
Why are pauses good in public speaking?
. Allow you to recap about what you are going to say next
. Allow you to breath
. Add drama to your speech.
What are the two worlds of perception for pauses?
. Yours, a pause it is very long
. Your audience, for them the pause it is not so long
How can you boost your delivery in your speech?
Using your voice as you use it in real live
Energy boosts your speech, what in the formula
Energy = voice + body. The biggest difference between a great speaker and a merely adequate speaker is energy.
What is your objetive as a public speaker
To have the approval of half of the audience
What is the most effective way of using the princess Leia effect?
Turning 90 degrees from half left tonhalf right and abck and forth
Is acceptable to clap when you are adressing to an audience?
No, it is not, clap only if you are in the audience, not when you are public speaking.
What is the scratchaz?
Schatchy es “que pica”, es decir que mientras hablas en público sientes picores de todo tipo
What is the aerobic penguin?
It is a way of moving your arms similar to Regina.
What is a flashmob?
Do not go in and out with your gestures, like a flashmob. Take your time, hold your position longer, be patient. Do your movement with a good pace not quick and erratically.
What are the considerations we have to keep in mind concerning poise?
You need to be poised, in a stable state of control and equilibrium, to transmit authority and credibility. Arms, hands, legs and fee
What is the drummer?
Just when you play the drums using the pedal
What is the ballet dancer?
What are the acceptable ways of moving on stage?
Horizontal, from left to right or from right to left, this movements are ok. You just should avoid vertically back to front or front to back, this is called the cha cha cha. Vertical movements transmit nervousness and kills authority.
What do we mean when we talk about noise in public Speaking?
Noise in your pocket, earrings, bracelets, etc.
Why you should never run away when people is aplausing you?
It is a signal of disrespect. You have to stay. You say your last word, take an step back. And smile staying still.
What are the difference between a handout presentation and a screen presentation
. Handout presenations are the tipical decks with data, stats, charts, etc.
. Screen presentation, that is to say, images, key figures and keywords.
What are the correct background colors for presentations?
Black and white.
It is correct not to use the company patterns in screen presentations?
Yes, it is.
What can be the first impression element on your speech?
If you use slides, this can be the first slide. Do not use the abitual title, presenter, etc. Use and image and start your presentation with it. Use a screen metaphorical slide, transmitting your core message.
How can you make an image and a text not to substract relevance to one another?
Image is as wide as text that is embedded in a black text box with a 20/30% transparency.
What can create lots of data in an slide?
Lose of ethos, low credibility as it is the same than using notes during your presentation. This means you do not know all facts and data and that you need a ‘cheat-sheet’.
What are buzzerwords?
Those words that you include in your presentation that remind you what you want to say but that are not giving all the information to your audience. For instance, ‘competitors’ instead of a full bulled saying ‘our competitors are closer to us given he sales figures’. This way you do not miss points and your audience is forced to listed to you. This is also called one-working. whilst your audience read they are not listening to you. You can also use two words ‘new products’ but three is already too much.
How is our audience typically?
Half numeric and half alphanumeric
What is speak and click?
Same that note anticipation in music, that is to say, anticipate one note that later will be together with the phrase. This is to start talking about an slide and then click to enter in it.
What is an interstitial?
This is a separator in a presentation. For instance when you place a black slide you make that all your audience looks and you and have full attention in what you are saying.
What happens if you are caught in the beam (haz de luz)
This gives an unprofessional impression
Where bullets are not allowed in handouts presentations or screen presentations?
In screen presentations… bullets are forbidden you need to go for the quick message without bullets.
Where do we have to look when we do an speech?
. Look to subsets of people => socialist
. A bit up of the eyes of the people =>psychopats
. Visionaries=> fix spot, or at the back wall of the room.
We have to look people at their eyes, do not make them feel excluded
What happens with hidden hands?
They cause distrust. Do not hide them even behind your back. Don’t even put your thumbs in your pockets.
What is the forbidden zone in public speaking?
What happens when we turn back to the audience to explain an slide? Completelly forbidden this is also generating distrust. You can hide a weapon in your hands. Your back is the forbidden zone, nobody is allowed to see it. Chest facing your audience. Face front! in case you have to face the slide for a moment stop speaking and resume when you are chest facing again.
What does mean tear down those walls? That wall had to be torn down, and so it happened
Do hide behind the tables, lecterns, etc. It can be also your arms crossed in front of your chest.
How can you relax about the results of your speech
When you think in the Gaussian distribution. 5% wil hate you, you will impress 5% the rest will be ok.
It is correct to sing during your speech?
Yes and can be very engaging for your audience
Are notes allowed in public speaking?
They are as earmuffs. You can bring them but they are not good for your image. The will damage your ethos, and with reduce your credibility.
Giggle (risitas)
Very negative, you can laught or you can make a joke but please never giggle.
What is an AK-47 speaker?
This speaker not making any pauses. If you do not do pauses finally you will be perceived as monotonous.
What is the average success in your public speaking?
Normally 50% of your audience will be with you. That is a feasible target
What are the hand gestures that we should avoid
Hand washing
Praying
The diamond (rhombus)
Wedding ring twist
You do not need animations at all.
Slide boosters (full screen images, black backgrounds) will do
How can you end as you started
Your last slide can be exactly the same than the initial one.
