Public Health Forum Flashcards
What is health ?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely in the absence of disease to infirmity.
Systems that contribute to individual health states
General Socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions.
Social and community networks
Individual lifestyle factors
Upstream determinants of health
(Living and Working conditions)
Eduction
Work environment
Unemployment
Water and Sanitation
Healthcare services
Housing
What are social determinants of health ?
Conditions in which we are born, grow and age, and which we live and work.
State some social determinants of health
Housing
Healthcare services (access)
Employment
Education
Childhood experiences
Communities
Social Support
Family income
Health inequalities - WHO
Differences in health status or the distribution of health determinants between different population groups.
Health Inequalities - Public Health Scotland
Unfair Differences in health within the population across social classes and between different population groups.
These unfair differences are not random, but are largely socially determined and not inevitable.
State some inequalities
Inequalities in:
- Wellbeing
- Healthy Life expectancy
- Morbidity
- Mortality
State some core activities of public health practice
Preventing epidemics
Protecting the environment, workplaces, water and food
Promoting healthy behaviour
Monitoring the health status of the population
Mobilising community action
Responding to disaster
What is public health ?
The science and art of preventing disease, promoting health and well-being, and prolonging life through the organised efforts of society.
3 Domains of Public Health
Health protection
Health improvement
Healthcare quality
State the 5 approaches to health promotion and levels of intervention
Medical/ Preventative Approach
Behaviour Change approach
Educational Approach
Empowerment Approach
Social Change Approach
Ottawa Charter
Health Promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health.
Medical/ Preventative Approach
Thinking about the reorientation of health services and realistic medicine.
Behaviour Change Approach
Understanding and development of personal skills, can also be an educational approach.
Educational Approach
Can include community actions
Empowerment Approach
Can include aspects of supportive environments and community actions, and the re-orientation of health services.
Social Change Approach
Includes healthy public policy and aspects of community action and supportive environments.
Function of health protection
Ensures safety of food, water, air and general environment.
Prevents transmission of communicable diseases
Manages outbreaks and incidents which threaten the public’s health.
What is long covid ?
An illness in people who have recovered from COVID-19, but have continued to experience symptoms or developed symptoms since an infection, for much longer than expected.
Ongoing COVID-19
SIGN = displaying symptoms 4-12 weeks post diagnosis
Post COVID-19 syndrome
SIGN = signs and symptoms that develop during or after an infection consistent with COVID-19, continue for more than 12 weeks and are not explained by an alternative diagnosis.
Post COVID-19 condition
WHO similar to syndrome SIGN
Significant data limitations - Long COVID
Novel and emerging condition
NO routine or sentinel surveillance
Research findings heterogenous
Limitations of data quality and study design
