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Medicine Year 1 - Semester 2 - Part 2 > Lower Limb: Nerves > Flashcards

Lower Limb: Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

State the nerve supply to the lower limb

A

Lumbosacral plexus
L1-S4

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2
Q

What does the lumbosacral plexus supply ?

A

Abdominal wall
Pelvis
Perineum

LOWER LIMB

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3
Q

State the nerves of the lumbosacral plexus

A

Femoral
Obturator
Sciatic

Numerous smaller nerves

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4
Q

Femoral nerve roots

A

L2-4

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5
Q

Obturator nerve roots

A

L2-4

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6
Q

Sciatic nerve roots

A

L4-S3

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7
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply ?

A

Anterior compartment of the thigh
Skin of the anterior thigh

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8
Q

What does the obturator nerve supply ?

A

Skin and muscles of the medial thigh

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9
Q

What does the sciatic nerve supply ?

A

Posterior compartment of the thigh

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10
Q

What does the femoral nerve continue as into the leg ?

A

Continues as the saphenous nerve

Supplying the skin of the medial leg and foot

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11
Q

What does the sciatic nerve split into ?

A

Common fibular (peroneal) nerve
Tibial nerve

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12
Q

L5

A

Lateral leg

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13
Q

S1

A

Heel and sole of foot

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14
Q

L1

A

Underneath inguinal ligament

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14
Q

L3

A

Anterior Knee

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15
Q

S1 and S2

A

Back of the lower limb

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16
Q

Where is the lumbar plexus located ?

A

Formed within the psoas major muscle

Found anterior to the transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae.

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16
Q

Features of the lumbar plexus

A

Has motor and sensory branches
L1-L5

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17
Q

State the branches of the lumbar plexus

A

Lateral cutaneous branch
Femoral branch
Obturator branch

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18
Q

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

A

Supplies skin on the lateral thigh

Passes out medially to the anterior superior iliac spine underneath the inguinal ligament, where it is vulnerable to compression.

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19
Q

Meralgia parasthesia

A

Compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh.

Occurs commonly in pregnancy.

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20
Q

What do L4 and L5 nerves come together to form ?

A

The lumbosacral trunk

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21
Q

State the sensory branches of the femoral nerve

A

Medial and intermediate cutaneous femoral nerves

Saphenous nerve

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21
Q

Describe the location of the femoral nerve

A

Descends behind the inguinal ligament

Passes through the femoral triangle in the thigh

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22
Q

State the sensory innervation of the femoral nerve

A

Hip joint
Knee joint
Skin on the anterior surface of the thigh
Skin of the medial leg and foot

23
Q

State the motor innervation of the femoral nerve

A

Iliacus

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh
- Quadriceps
- Sartorius
- Pectineus

24
Q

Saphenous Nerve location

A

Enters the adductor canal with femoral vessels

Pierces the medial wall of the adductor canal and becomes superficial

25
Q

What does the saphenous nerve supply ?

A

Skin of anteromedial leg and foot

26
Q

When is the saphenous nerve vulnerable ?

A

May be vulnerable in venous access or varicose vein surgery

27
Q

Obturator nerve location

A

Travels anteriorly on lateral pelvic wall towards obturator canal, deep to ovaries in females.

Passes through the obturator canal and enters the medial aspect of the thigh

28
Q

Pain in pelvis / medial thigh

A

Obturator nerve compression

29
Q

Sensory innervation of the obturator nerve

A

Hip joint
Upper half of the medial thigh
Knee joint

29
Q

Motor innervation of the obturator nerve

A

Obturator externus

Muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh
- Adductor magnus
- Adductor longus
- Adductor brevis
- Gracilis

30
Q

How is the sacral plexus formed ?

A

Formed by the anterior rami of L4 and L5 + S1-4

30
Q

Sacral plexus

A

L4-S4

31
Q

State a nerve of the sacral plexus

A

Sciatic nerve
L4-S3

  • has anterior and posterior divisons
32
Q

Where is the sacral plexus located ?

A

Located on the surface of the posterior pelvic wall, deep to the piriformis muscle.

33
Q

State the gluteal nerves of the sacral plexus

A

Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve

34
Q

Superior gluteal nerve roots

A

L4-S1

35
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve roots

A

L5-S2

36
Q

Location of the superior gluteal nerve

A

Exits the pelvis through suprapiriform space

Runs laterally between the gluteus medius and minimus

37
Q

Innervation from the superior gluteal nerve

A

Supplies :

  • Gluteus medius
  • Gluteus minimus
  • Tensor fasciae latae
38
Q

Innervation from the inferior gluteal nerve

A

Innervates:

  • Gluteus maximus
38
Q

Location of the inferior gluteal nerve

A

Exits the pelvis through infrapiriform space

39
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve enter through ?

A

Enters the gluteal region through the infrapiriform space

40
Q

Where are gluteal intramuscular injections occurring ?

A

Gluteus maximus

41
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve bifurcate ?

A

At the apex of the popliteal fossa

(in some cases can branch in or near piriformis)

42
Q

Sensory innervation from the sciatic nerve

A

Hip joint

43
Q

Motor innervation from the sciatic nerve

A

Muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh

Hamstring muscles

  • Adductor Magnus
44
Q

Tibial nerve supplying

A

Posterior compartment

45
Q

Common peroneal nerve supplying

A

Anterior compartment - deep branch
Lateral compartment - superficial branch

46
Q

Tibial nerve sensory innervation

A

Ankle joint
Skin of the heel

47
Q

Tibial nerve motor innervation

A

Hamstring muscles
Planters
Popliteus

Muscles in posterior compartment of leg

48
Q

State the plantar nerves

A

Medial and Lateral plantar nerves

49
Q

Common peroneal (fibular) nerve

A

L4-S2

50
Q

Branch of the common fibular nerve

A

Gives off lateral cutaneous sural nerve
- sensory branch

51
Q

What does common peroneal nerve damage cause ?

A

Foot drop

52
Q

Deep fibular nerve

A

L4-5
Anterior compartment

53
Q

Superficial fibular nerve

A

L5-S2
Lateral compartment

54
Q

Sensory innervation of the deep fibular nerve

A

Ankle joint
Web space between 1st and 2nd toes

55
Q

Sensory innervation of the superficial fibular nerve

A

Ankle joint
Skin on anterior distal leg
Skin on dorm of foot

Medicine Year 1 - Semester 2 - Part 2 (53 decks)

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