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Medicine Year 1 - Semester 2 - Part 2 > Lower Limb: Nerves > Flashcards

Lower Limb: Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

State the nerve supply to the lower limb

A

Lumbosacral plexus
L1-S4

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2
Q

What does the lumbosacral plexus supply ?

A

Abdominal wall
Pelvis
Perineum

LOWER LIMB

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3
Q

State the nerves of the lumbosacral plexus

A

Femoral
Obturator
Sciatic

Numerous smaller nerves

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4
Q

Femoral nerve roots

A

L2-4

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5
Q

Obturator nerve roots

A

L2-4

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6
Q

Sciatic nerve roots

A

L4-S3

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7
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply ?

A

Anterior compartment of the thigh
Skin of the anterior thigh

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8
Q

What does the obturator nerve supply ?

A

Skin and muscles of the medial thigh

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9
Q

What does the sciatic nerve supply ?

A

Posterior compartment of the thigh

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10
Q

What does the femoral nerve continue as into the leg ?

A

Continues as the saphenous nerve

Supplying the skin of the medial leg and foot

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11
Q

What does the sciatic nerve split into ?

A

Common fibular (peroneal) nerve
Tibial nerve

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12
Q

L5

A

Lateral leg

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13
Q

S1

A

Heel and sole of foot

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14
Q

L1

A

Underneath inguinal ligament

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14
Q

L3

A

Anterior Knee

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15
Q

S1 and S2

A

Back of the lower limb

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16
Q

Where is the lumbar plexus located ?

A

Formed within the psoas major muscle

Found anterior to the transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae.

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16
Q

Features of the lumbar plexus

A

Has motor and sensory branches
L1-L5

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17
Q

State the branches of the lumbar plexus

A

Lateral cutaneous branch
Femoral branch
Obturator branch

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18
Q

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

A

Supplies skin on the lateral thigh

Passes out medially to the anterior superior iliac spine underneath the inguinal ligament, where it is vulnerable to compression.

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19
Q

Meralgia parasthesia

A

Compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh.

Occurs commonly in pregnancy.

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20
Q

What do L4 and L5 nerves come together to form ?

A

The lumbosacral trunk

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21
Q

State the sensory branches of the femoral nerve

A

Medial and intermediate cutaneous femoral nerves

Saphenous nerve

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21
Q

Describe the location of the femoral nerve

A

Descends behind the inguinal ligament

Passes through the femoral triangle in the thigh

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22
State the sensory innervation of the femoral nerve
Hip joint Knee joint Skin on the anterior surface of the thigh Skin of the medial leg and foot
23
State the motor innervation of the femoral nerve
Iliacus Muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh - Quadriceps - Sartorius - Pectineus
24
Saphenous Nerve location
Enters the adductor canal with femoral vessels Pierces the medial wall of the adductor canal and becomes superficial
25
What does the saphenous nerve supply ?
Skin of anteromedial leg and foot
26
When is the saphenous nerve vulnerable ?
May be vulnerable in venous access or varicose vein surgery
27
Obturator nerve location
Travels anteriorly on lateral pelvic wall towards obturator canal, deep to ovaries in females. Passes through the obturator canal and enters the medial aspect of the thigh
28
Pain in pelvis / medial thigh
Obturator nerve compression
29
Sensory innervation of the obturator nerve
Hip joint Upper half of the medial thigh Knee joint
29
Motor innervation of the obturator nerve
Obturator externus Muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh - Adductor magnus - Adductor longus - Adductor brevis - Gracilis
30
How is the sacral plexus formed ?
Formed by the anterior rami of L4 and L5 + S1-4
30
Sacral plexus
L4-S4
31
State a nerve of the sacral plexus
Sciatic nerve L4-S3 - has anterior and posterior divisons
32
Where is the sacral plexus located ?
Located on the surface of the posterior pelvic wall, deep to the piriformis muscle.
33
State the gluteal nerves of the sacral plexus
Superior gluteal nerve Inferior gluteal nerve
34
Superior gluteal nerve roots
L4-S1
35
Inferior gluteal nerve roots
L5-S2
36
Location of the superior gluteal nerve
Exits the pelvis through suprapiriform space Runs laterally between the gluteus medius and minimus
37
Innervation from the superior gluteal nerve
Supplies : - Gluteus medius - Gluteus minimus - Tensor fasciae latae
38
Innervation from the inferior gluteal nerve
Innervates: - Gluteus maximus
38
Location of the inferior gluteal nerve
Exits the pelvis through infrapiriform space
39
Where does the sciatic nerve enter through ?
Enters the gluteal region through the infrapiriform space
40
Where are gluteal intramuscular injections occurring ?
Gluteus maximus
41
Where does the sciatic nerve bifurcate ?
At the apex of the popliteal fossa (in some cases can branch in or near piriformis)
42
Sensory innervation from the sciatic nerve
Hip joint
43
Motor innervation from the sciatic nerve
Muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh Hamstring muscles - Adductor Magnus
44
Tibial nerve supplying
Posterior compartment
45
Common peroneal nerve supplying
Anterior compartment - deep branch Lateral compartment - superficial branch
46
Tibial nerve sensory innervation
Ankle joint Skin of the heel
47
Tibial nerve motor innervation
Hamstring muscles Planters Popliteus Muscles in posterior compartment of leg
48
State the plantar nerves
Medial and Lateral plantar nerves
49
Common peroneal (fibular) nerve
L4-S2
50
Branch of the common fibular nerve
Gives off lateral cutaneous sural nerve - sensory branch
51
What does common peroneal nerve damage cause ?
Foot drop
52
Deep fibular nerve
L4-5 Anterior compartment
53
Superficial fibular nerve
L5-S2 Lateral compartment
54
Sensory innervation of the deep fibular nerve
Ankle joint Web space between 1st and 2nd toes
55
Sensory innervation of the superficial fibular nerve
Ankle joint Skin on anterior distal leg Skin on dorm of foot

Medicine Year 1 - Semester 2 - Part 2 (53 decks)

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