PU/PD

Question 1

What volume of fluid per day must dogs and cats consume to be considered polydipsic?

Answer 1

Dogs: >90-100ml/kg/day
Cats: >45ml/kg/day

Question 2

What external factors can influence water intake?

Answer 2

temp
exercise
salt intake
stress
meds
pregnancy
competition for water

Question 3

what volume of urine per day must dogs and cats produce to be considered polyuric?

Answer 3

50ml/kg/day

Question 4

What stimuli can cause ADH release?

Answer 4

increase blood osmolarity
Low blood volume/pressure
RAAS system
Hypoglycaemia
Nausea
Exercise
Pain

Question 5

What endocrinopathies cause secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Answer 5

Hypercalcaemia - high Ca levels interferes with responsiveness of kidney tubules to ADH
hyperadrenocorticism
Hypoadrenocorticism
Hyperthyroidism

Question 6

What non-endocrine diseases can cause secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Answer 6

infections - bacteria that produces toxins that interfere with ADH action
Chronic kidney disease
Liver disease - reduced urea in blood and filtrate alter medullary conc gradient