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602 Exam 3 > Pterygopalatine Fossa & Palate > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine Fossa & Palate Flashcards

1
Q

Pterygomaxillary fissure serves as the communicating barrier of

A

infratemporal & pterygopalatine fossa

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2
Q

Bony boundaries of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

nasal cavity (superiorly), orbit (laterally) & infratemporal fossa (inferiorly)

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3
Q

Regions of the head that the pterygopalatine fossa communicates w/

A

Nasal cavity superiorly, orbita laterally & infratemporal fossa inferiorly

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4
Q

What artery & 2 nerves enter the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

CN V2, CN VII, maxillary artery

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5
Q

Openings for the following walls in the pterygopalatine fossa: anterior
posterior
superior
lateral
inferior

A
  • Anterior wall: inferior orbital fissure
  • Posterior wall: foramen rotundum (most lateral opening), pterygoid canal, pharyngeal canal
  • Superior wall: sphenopalatine foramen
  • Lateral wall: pterygomaxillary fissure
  • Inferior wall: palatine canal
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6
Q

Branches of the 3 portion of the maxillary artery

A
  • Posterior superior alveolar artery
  • Infraorbital artery
  • Descending palatine artery
  • Sphenopalatine artery
  • Pharyngeal artery
  • anterior of pterygoid canal
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7
Q

What do each of the branches of the third portion of the maxillary artery travel through to leave the pterygopalatine fossa

A
  • Posterior superior alveolar artery
    Goes out into infratemporal fossa around posterior wall of maxilla & enters posterior superior alveolar foramen
  • Infraorbital artery
    Enters orbit through infraorbital fissure
  • Descending palatine artery
    Later splits into lesser & greater palatine arteries
  • Sphenopalatine artery
    Enters nasal cavity through sphenopalatine foramen
  • Pharyngeal artery
    Goes through pharynx through pharyngeal canal
  • Anterior of pterygoid canal
    Goes back through pterygoid canal, foramen lacerum, & goes into pharynx
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8
Q

What are the branches of the maxillary nerve? (8) What do 2 of these branch into?

A
  • Zygomatic nerve
    —Branches into Zygomaticotemporal nerve & zygomaticofacial nerve
  • Infraorbital nerve
    —Branches into middle superior alveolar nerve & anterior superior alveolar nerve
  • Posterior superior alveolar nerve
  • Greater palatine nerve
  • Lesser palatine nerve
  • Pharyngeal nerve
  • Nasopalatine & lateral nasal nerve
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9
Q

What opening do the branches of the maxillary nerve travel through to leave the fossa?

A
  • Zygomatic nerve
    Exits through infraorbital foramen
  • Infraorbital nerve
    Exits through infraorbital foramen
  • Posterior superior alveolar nerve
    Goes through pterygomaxillary fissure
  • Greater palatine nerve
    Goes through greater palatine foramen
  • Lesser palatine nerve
    Goes through lesser palatine foramen
  • Pharyngeal nerve
    Goes through pharyngeal canal
  • Nasopalatine & lateral nasal nerve
    Goes through sphenopalatine foramen
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10
Q

Path for preganglionic parasympathetic nerve fiber from CN VII to pterygopalatine ganglion

A

Greater petrosal nerve (branches off facial nerve) → breaks through temporal bone through petrous part → descends in middle cranial cavity toward foramen lacerum (to opening of pterygoid canal) → Synapses in the pterygopalatine ganglion

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11
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers are distributed as their own branches or w/ branches of

A

Maxillary nerve

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12
Q

Pharyngeal gland is supplied by

A

Pharyngeal nerve

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13
Q

Nasal mucosa is supplied by

A

Nasopalatine nerve & lateral nasal nerves

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14
Q

Lacrimal glands are supplied by

A

Infraorbital nerve & zygomaticotemporal nerve

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15
Q

Oral cavity & oral mucosa are supplied by

A

Infraorbital nerve & posterior superior alveolar nerve

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16
Q

Palatine glands are supplied by

A

Palatine n. & a.

17
Q

Sympathetic innervation for head viscera comes in the form of

A

deep petrosal nerve

18
Q

What are the surface structures of the hard palate?

A

Hard palate on most anterior aspect
Soft palate on most posterior aspect

19
Q

Bone of the hard palate

A

Palatine process of maxilla

20
Q

Foramen of the hard palate

A

Contains the incisive foramen (on anterior aspect), greater palatine foramen & lesser palatine foramen (on posterior aspect)

21
Q

Define palatine torus

A

outgrowth on palate

22
Q

What are the palatal arches & what muscle is within each?

A

Anterior arch - underlaid by palatoglossal muscle
Posterior arch - underlied by palatopharyngeal muscle

23
Q

Origin, insertion, & action of tensory veli palatini muscle

A

Origin: Scaphoid fossa of pterygoid process, spine of sphenoid bone, & sembranous wall of auditory tube

Insertion: Palatine aponeurosis

Action: Opens pharyngotympanic tube, tenses palatine aponeurosis

24
Q

Origin, insertion, & action of levator veli palatini muscle

A

Origin: Petrous part of temporal bone, inferior/cartilaginous part of auditory tube

Insertion: Palatine aponeurosis

Action: Elevates soft palate during swallowing

25
Q

Origin, insertion, & action of palatoglossus muscle

A

Origin: Inferior surface of palatine aponeurosis

Insertion: Posterolateral surface of the tongue

Action: Elevates posterior portion of tongue

26
Q

Origin, insertion, & action of palatopharyngeus muscle

A

Origin: Posterior border of hard palate & palatine aponeurosis

Insertion: Posterior border of thyroid cartilage

Action: Elevates pharynx superiorly, anteriorly & medially

27
Q

Origin, insertion, & action of uvulae muscle

A

Origin: Palatine aponeurosis & nasal spine

Insertion: Uvula

Action: shortens the uvula

28
Q

What are the extrinsic & intrinsic muscles of the soft palate?

A

Extrinsic:
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus

Intrinsic:
Uvulae

29
Q

The ___ acts as a pulley for the tensor veli palatini muscle

A

pterygoid hamulus

30
Q

What are the 3 sensory nerves of the hard & soft palate?

A

Greater palatine nerve
Nasopalatine nerve
Lesser palatine nerve

31
Q

Name the two branches of the maxillary artery that supply the palate and their general area of distribution

A

Greater palatine artery supplies the hard palate
Lesser palatine artery supplies the soft palate

32
Q

Name the branch of the facial artery that supplies the palate and its general area of distribution

A

Ascending palatine artery supplies the soft palate

33
Q

Location of the palatine tonsils

A

lateral oropharynx

34
Q

Label

A
  1. Incisive foramen
  2. Greater palatine foramen
  3. Lesser palatine foramen
35
Q

Label

A
  1. Lateral nasal n
  2. Pharyngeal n
  3. greater palatine n
  4. Leser palatine n
36
Q

Label

A
  1. Maxillary n
  2. Zygomatic n
  3. Posterior superior alveolar n
  4. middle superior alveolar n
  5. zygomaticotemporal n
  6. zygomaticofacial n
  7. anterior superior alveolar n
37
Q

Label

A
  1. greater petrosal n
  2. deep petrosal n
  3. nerve of pterygoid canal
  4. pterygopalatine ganglion
38
Q

Label

A
  1. Tensor veli palatini m
  2. Uvulae m
  3. Palatoglossus m
  4. Palatopharyngeus m
  5. Levator veli palatini m
39
Q

Label

A
  1. Greater palatine a
  2. Lesser palatine a
  3. Sphenopalatine a

602 Exam 3 (11 decks)

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