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602 Exam 3 > Orbit > Flashcards

Orbit Flashcards

1
Q

___ bones make up the orbit

A

7

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2
Q

Describe the orbital margin

A
  • Widest aspect of orbit
  • On frontal aspect
  • Bounded by frontal bone superiorly, zygomatic bone laterally & inferiorly, & maxilla inferiorly & medially
  • Made of 3 bones
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3
Q

Describe the apex of the orbit

A

Tip & posterior aspect of orbit

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4
Q

Fat under your eye is called

A

Periorbital fat

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5
Q

Label

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Zygomatic
  3. Maxilla
  4. Ethmoid
  5. Sphenoid
  6. Lacrimal
  7. Palatine
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6
Q

Label

A
  1. Zygomatic
  2. Periorbita
  3. Nasal Cavity
    4, Ethmoid
  4. Sphenoid
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7
Q

Label

A
  1. Superior orbital foramen
  2. Optic canal
  3. Superior orbital fissure
  4. Inferior orbital fissure
  5. Infraorbital foramen
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8
Q

What runs through the optic canal?

A

Optic nerve (CN II)
Ophthalmic artery

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9
Q

What runs through the superior orbital fissure?

A

Oculomotor (CN III)
Trochlear (CN IV)
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal (CN V1)
Abducens (CN VI)
Ophthalmic vein, sympathetic fibers

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10
Q

What runs through the inferior orbital fissure?

A

Infraorbital nerve (CN V2)
Infraorbital artery

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11
Q

How many extraocular muscles do we have?

A

6

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12
Q

Label

A
  1. Superior rectus m
  2. superior oblique m
  3. superior levator palpebrae m
  4. Inferior rectus m
  5. medial rectus m
  6. lateral rectus m
  7. inferior oblique m
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13
Q

Label

A
  1. Trochlea
  2. Superior oblique
  3. Medial rectus
  4. Inferior rectus
  5. Inferior oblique
  6. Lateral rectus
  7. superior rectus
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14
Q

Function of the tarsal muscle

A
  • Helps keep the eye open
  • Helps lubricate eyes
  • Provides sympathetic innervation via oculomotor n. In cavernous sinus & superior orbital fissure
  • Helps maintain position of the eyeball
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15
Q

Define lacrimation

A

process of producing tears

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16
Q

Describe the lacrimal canaliculi

A

Allows excess fluid to move in, down the lacrimal sac, to nasolacrimal duct & drain under inferior nasal concha

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17
Q

What makes up the lacrimal apparatus

A

Lacrimal canaliculi
nasolacrimal duct
lacrimal gland
inferior nasal concha
nasal cavity
lacrimal sac

18
Q

Label

A
  1. Lacrimal gland
  2. Inferior nasal concha
  3. Nasal cavity
  4. Lacrimal canaliculi
  5. Lacrimal sac
  6. Nasolacrimal duct
19
Q

Special sensory for the orbit is by

A

Optic nerve (CN II)

20
Q

General sensory for the orbit is by the Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal. What are the branches?

A

Lacrimal n., frontal n., nasociliary n.

21
Q

Motor innervation for the orbit is provided by what 3 CN

A

CN III, IV, & VI

22
Q

What does the Oculomotor (CN III) innervate

A

Levator palpebrae superioris
Superior rectus
Medial rectus
Inferior rectus
Inferior oblique

23
Q

What does the trochlear n innervate?

A

Superior oblique

24
Q

What does abducens n innervate?

A

Lateral rectus

25
Q

Label

A
  1. supraorbital n
  2. lacrimal n
  3. ophthalmic n
  4. Trigeminal ganglion
  5. cavernous sinus
  6. trochlear n
  7. frontal n
  8. infratrochlear n
26
Q

Label

A
  1. long ciliary n
  2. short ciliary n
  3. ciliary ganglion
  4. abducens n
  5. oculomotor n
  6. maxillary n (CN V2)
  7. trigeminal ganglion
  8. nasociliary n
  9. posterior ethmoid n
  10. anterior ethmoid n
  11. infratrochlear n
27
Q

Label

A
  1. lacrimal n
  2. opthalmic n
  3. maxillary n
  4. rotundum opening
  5. pterygopalatine ganglion
  6. zygomatic n
  7. zygomaticotemporal n
  8. communicating branch
  9. lacrimal gland
28
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to the orbit. What’s their function & muscle involved?

A

Ciliary ganglion
Preganglionic via CN III
Postganglionic in short ciliary

pupil constriction
Contains the sphincter papillae muscle

29
Q

Sympathetic innervation to the orbit. What’s their function & muscle involved?

A

Superior cervical ganglion
Internal carotid plexus
It comes in along CN V1 & its branches

pupil dilation
contains dilator papillae muscle & tarsal muscle

30
Q

the lacrimal gland provides secretomotor innervation via

A

CN VII

31
Q

Label

A
  1. supratrochlear a
  2. anterior ethmoidal a
  3. posterior ethmoidal a
  4. central retinal a
  5. ophthalmic a
  6. ciliary a
  7. lacrimal a
  8. supraorbital a
32
Q

Label

A
  1. Ciliary body
  2. iris
  3. pupil
  4. cornea
  5. lens
  6. suspensory ligament
  7. optic nerve
  8. optic disc
  9. fovea centralis
  10. retina
  11. choroid
  12. sclera
33
Q

retina has a lot of

A

photoreceptors

34
Q

Describe rod & cone cells

A

Rod cells: light sensitive, no color, seen in peripheral retina
Cone cells: color sensitive, minor light, concentrated in fovea centralis

35
Q

Describe the fovea

A

center of the retina
- highest area of visual acuity

36
Q

What are the intraocular muscles. do they provide parasympathetic or sympathetic?

A

Sphincter pupillae muscle (parasympathetic)
Dilator pupillae muscle (sympathetic)
Ciliary muscles (parasympathetic)

37
Q

Define hypotropia, hypertropia, exotropia & esotropia

A

Hypotropia - 1 eye turns down
Hypertropia - 1 eye turns up
Exotropia - 1 eye turns out
Esotropia - 1 eye turns in

38
Q

Define cataracts

A

problems w/ light focus due to cell growth, deposits, or protein changes in the lens

39
Q

Define glaucoma

A

if the vitreous pressure is too high, optic nerve becomes damaged

40
Q

Define aged-related macular degeneration

A

if the retina fails

41
Q

Define astigmatism

A

if the cornea is abnormally curved

42
Q

Horner’s syndrome is damage to the ___. What 4 things need to be damaged & define them

A

Sympathetic trunk

Ptosis - eyelid drooping
Myosis - constricted pupil
Anhidrosis - poor sweating
Enophthalmos - sunken eye

602 Exam 3 (11 decks)

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