Ear

Question 1

What are the muscles surrounding the ear?

Answer 1

Auricularis anterior, superior, & posterior
Occipitalis

Question 2

Ear canal connects ___ to ___

Answer 2

Ear canal connects auricle to middle ear (tympanic membrane)

Question 3

Upper & lower innervation to external ear

Answer 3

Upper ½ innervation = auriculotemporal nerve (branch of V2)
Lower ½ innervation = greater auricular nerve (branch from C2 & C3)

Question 4

Innervation to external auditory canal

Answer 4

CN V3, VII, IX, X

Question 5

Arteries that supply blood to auricle

Answer 5

External carotid artery, superior temporal artery, posterior auricular artery

Question 6

Innervation to middle ear

Answer 6

Innervation to middle ear: CN V3, VII, IX, & X

Question 7

Ossicles transmit sound to

Answer 7

Stapes

Question 8

Tensor tympani muscle is innervated by

Answer 8

CN V3

Question 9

___ is the bulge inside ear cavity

Answer 9

Promontory

Question 10

Innervation to inner ear

Answer 10

Innervated by CN VIII

Question 11

What is the semicircular canal & cochlea innervated by? Are these structures in the external, middle or internal ear?

Answer 11

Semicircular canal is innervated by vestibular n. (part of CN VIII)
Cochlea is innervated by cochlear n. (part of CN VIII)

Internal Ear

Question 12

Function of internal ear

Answer 12

hearing & balance

Question 13

Fluid bulges in the ___

Answer 13

round window

Question 14

___ nerve passes through internal ear

Answer 14

facial

Question 15

Chorda tympani goes through

Answer 15

petrytympanic fissure

Question 16

___ is the main site where all blood from brain drains

Answer 16

Jugular canal

Question 17

___ nerve comes from tympanic nerves

Answer 17

Lesser petrosal nerve

Question 18

Complete the pathway:
Facial n. –> intermediate n. –> geniculate ganglion –> greater petrosal n. –> (What are the 5 remaining steps)

Answer 18

deep petrosal n. –> n. to pterygoid canal –> pterygopalatine ganglion –> lacrimal n –> lacrimal gland

Question 19

Complete the pathway:
Facial n. –> intermediate n. –> geniculate ganglion –> chorda tympani –> (what are the remaining steps)

Answer 19

Goes through petrotympanic fissure –> (lingual n. hitchhikes w/ it) –> submandibular ganglion –> submandibular & sublingual salivary glands

Question 20

Facial nerve goes through

Answer 20

internal auditory meatus

Question 21

Facial nerve provides innervation to which muscles?

Answer 21

posterior belly of digastric muscle, stylohyoid muscle, superior & inferior auricular muscle, occipital muscle

Question 22

What are the branches of facial nerve? (5)

Answer 22

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical

Question 23

Complete the following:
Facial n. –> facial n. proper –>

Answer 23

n. to stapedius muscle

Question 24

What is the pathway for you to hear? (once you’re in the internal ear)

Answer 24

Vibrations hit oval window –> fluid waves surround cochlear n. –> information is sent to brain by cochlear n.

Question 25

Vestibule & cochlear function

Answer 25

Vestibule: equilibrium & balance
Cochlea: hearing

Question 26

inferior, anterior & posterior boundary of middle ear

Answer 26

Inferior boundary: tympanic membrane
Anterior boundary: opening to auditory tube to nasopharynx
Posterior boundary: aditus to mastoid air cells

Question 27

Lateral & medial wall of middle ear includes

Answer 27

Lateral wall: tympanic membrane
Medial wall: auditory tube, promontory, round window & oval window

Question 28

What are the bones of the ossicles?

Answer 28

Malleus, incus, stapes

Question 29

What are the muscles that attach to middle ear bones?

Answer 29

Tensor tympani m
Stapedius m

Question 30

___ n forms the tympanic plexus on the promontory

Answer 30

Tympanic n

Question 31

What is a branch of the tympanic n? What is the path that this branch follows?

Answer 31

Lesser petrosal n
Lesser petrosal n → goes through foramen ovale
Forms otic ganglion → goes to auriculotemporal n. → innervates parotid gland

Question 32

Facial n. enteres through ___ & exits through ___

Answer 32

Facial n. Enters internal acoustic meatus & exits at stylomastoid foramen

Question 33

What muscles have an affect on the auditory tube?

Answer 33

Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini, & salpingopharyngeus

Question 34

Semicircular canals in the inner ear are

Answer 34

Right angles to each other