Ear Flashcards
What are the muscles surrounding the ear?
Auricularis anterior, superior, & posterior
Occipitalis
Ear canal connects ___ to ___
Ear canal connects auricle to middle ear (tympanic membrane)
Upper & lower innervation to external ear
Upper ½ innervation = auriculotemporal nerve (branch of V2)
Lower ½ innervation = greater auricular nerve (branch from C2 & C3)
Innervation to external auditory canal
CN V3, VII, IX, X
Arteries that supply blood to auricle
External carotid artery, superior temporal artery, posterior auricular artery
Innervation to middle ear
Innervation to middle ear: CN V3, VII, IX, & X
Ossicles transmit sound to
Stapes
Tensor tympani muscle is innervated by
CN V3
___ is the bulge inside ear cavity
Promontory
Innervation to inner ear
Innervated by CN VIII
What is the semicircular canal & cochlea innervated by? Are these structures in the external, middle or internal ear?
Semicircular canal is innervated by vestibular n. (part of CN VIII)
Cochlea is innervated by cochlear n. (part of CN VIII)
Internal Ear
Function of internal ear
hearing & balance
Fluid bulges in the ___
round window
___ nerve passes through internal ear
facial
Chorda tympani goes through
petrytympanic fissure
___ is the main site where all blood from brain drains
Jugular canal
___ nerve comes from tympanic nerves
Lesser petrosal nerve
Complete the pathway:
Facial n. –> intermediate n. –> geniculate ganglion –> greater petrosal n. –> (What are the 5 remaining steps)
deep petrosal n. –> n. to pterygoid canal –> pterygopalatine ganglion –> lacrimal n –> lacrimal gland
Complete the pathway:
Facial n. –> intermediate n. –> geniculate ganglion –> chorda tympani –> (what are the remaining steps)
Goes through petrotympanic fissure –> (lingual n. hitchhikes w/ it) –> submandibular ganglion –> submandibular & sublingual salivary glands
Facial nerve goes through
internal auditory meatus
Facial nerve provides innervation to which muscles?
posterior belly of digastric muscle, stylohyoid muscle, superior & inferior auricular muscle, occipital muscle
What are the branches of facial nerve? (5)
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
Complete the following:
Facial n. –> facial n. proper –>
n. to stapedius muscle
What is the pathway for you to hear? (once you’re in the internal ear)
Vibrations hit oval window –> fluid waves surround cochlear n. –> information is sent to brain by cochlear n.
Vestibule & cochlear function
Vestibule: equilibrium & balance
Cochlea: hearing
inferior, anterior & posterior boundary of middle ear
Inferior boundary: tympanic membrane
Anterior boundary: opening to auditory tube to nasopharynx
Posterior boundary: aditus to mastoid air cells
Lateral & medial wall of middle ear includes
Lateral wall: tympanic membrane
Medial wall: auditory tube, promontory, round window & oval window
What are the bones of the ossicles?
Malleus, incus, stapes
What are the muscles that attach to middle ear bones?
Tensor tympani m
Stapedius m
___ n forms the tympanic plexus on the promontory
Tympanic n
What is a branch of the tympanic n? What is the path that this branch follows?
Lesser petrosal n
Lesser petrosal n → goes through foramen ovale
Forms otic ganglion → goes to auriculotemporal n. → innervates parotid gland
Facial n. enteres through ___ & exits through ___
Facial n. Enters internal acoustic meatus & exits at stylomastoid foramen
What muscles have an affect on the auditory tube?
Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini, & salpingopharyngeus
Semicircular canals in the inner ear are
Right angles to each other
