Infratemporal Fossa I Flashcards
Infratemporal fossa is located ___ of the mandible
Deep to the ramus
What is the roof boundary? What does it communicate to?
base of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone (including the infratemporal crest)
communicates to the temporal fossa
What is the posterior boundary? What forms the boundary?
Skeletal component is the styloid process
Parotid gland
What is the anterior boundary?
Skeletal part is formed by the posterior aspect of maxilla (including maxillary tuberosity)
What is the medial boundary (for hard & soft tissue)?
Hard tissue boundary formed by lateral pterygoid plate
Soft tissue boundary formed by muscles of the pharynx (superior pharyngeal constrictor & the tensor veli palatini)
What is the inferior boundary?
Nothing, it’s open completely
What is the lateral boundary?
Ramus of mandible
The infratemporal fossa communicates w/ ___ anterioly & ___ anteriorly & laterally
Orbit anteriorly
pterygopalatine fossa anterioly & laterally
Opening between infratemporal fossa & orbit
inferior orbital fissure
Opening between infratemporal fossa & pterygopalatine fossa
pterygomaxillary fissure
Opening between pterygopalatine fossa & nasal cavity
sphenopalatine fissure (foramen)
Where do V3, V2 & maxillary pass through in regards to the infratemporal fossa? Then where do they travel to?
V3 enters through infratemporal fossa
Maxillary artery enters through infratemporal fossa & travels to nasal cavity & orbit
CN V2 enters through pterygopalatine fossa & travels to nasal cavity, orbit & infratemporal fossa
Origin, insertion & action for medial pterygoid muscle
Origin: Medial aspect of lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion: Inner aspect of angle of mandible
Action: Elevate the mandible & laterally deviate it to the opposite side
Origin, insertion, & action for superior head of lateral pterygoid muscle
Origin: Infratemporal crest of sphenoid bone
Insertion: Joint capsule of temporomandibular joint
Action: Protrudes the mandible
Origin, insertion, & action for lateral head of lateral pterygoid muscle
Origin: Lateral aspect of lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion: Fovea on the neck of the condyle process of mandible
Action: Protrudes the mandible
The pterygoid muscles run at a ___ angle to each other
90 degree
What is within the first part of the maxillary artery? What do each of these arteries supply to?
Deep auricular artery
- Supplies portion to external ear canal
Anterior tympanic artery
- Supplies portion to middle ear cavity
Middle meningeal artery
- Supplies to dura
Accessory meningeal artery
- Supplies to dura
Inferior alveolar artery
- Supplies to pulp of all mandibular teeth
What is within the 2nd part of the maxillary artery? What do each of these arteries supply to?
Deep temporal artery
- Supplies to temporalis muscle
Buccal artery
- Supplies to buccal region
- Supplies to inner & outer surfaces of cheek & buccinator muscle
Pterygoid artery
- Supplies to pterygoid muscle
Masseteric artery
- Supplies to masseter muscle
What is within the third part of the maxillary artery? What do each of these arteries supply to?
Posterior superior alveolar artery
- Supplies to pulp of maxillary molar teeth
Describe the pterygoid plexus. What does it communicate w/?
- Created by veins in the infratemporal fossa
- Maxillary vein drains the pterygoid plexus
- Infection of face can get into the pterygoid plexus
- Communicates w/ cavernous sinus in brain
Mandibular nerve enters infratemporal fossa through
foramen ovale
What are the motor branches of the mandibular nerve?
muscles of mastication (4)
suprahyoid muscles (anterior belly of digastric muscle & mylohyoid muscle)
to the 2 tensors in the nasopharynx (T. tympani & T. veli palatini)
Mandibular nerve is the only ___ nerve of the branches of the trigeminal nerve
mixed
What are the sensory branches of the mandibular nerve? What do each of them provide sensory for?
- Long buccal nerve - Sensory to skin over buccinator, buccal mucosa, buccal gingiva
- Lingual nerve - Sensory to mucosa of anterior ⅔ of tongue, floor of mouth, lingual gingiva
- auriculotemporal nerve - Sensory to part of external ear, scalp, TMJ
- inferior alveolar nerve - Sensory to mandibular teeth, lower lip & skin overlying chin (by giving off a branch called the mental nerve), & provides motor to mylohyoid & ABD
- nerve to mylohyoid
- posterior superior alveolar nerve - Sensory to pulp of maxillary molar teeth
Location of the branch point of maxillary nerve that gives you posterior superior alveolar nerve?
pterygopalatine fossa
Parasympathetics comes into infratemporal fossa through
chorda tympani
Describe how the chorda tympani travels & eventually joins the lingual nerve
Chorda tympani travels posterity to tympanic membrane, exits middle ear cavity & enters infratemporal fossa through the petrotympanic fissure (the same fissure that transmits the anterior tympanic artery (branch from first part of maxillary artery)), & enters infratemporal fossa deep to temporal mandibular joint, travels anteriorly & joins the lingual nerve
Where is the parasympathetic destination?
submandibular gland
Describe the chorda tympani
It carries 1st neuron of parasympathetics from facial nerve (CN VII) & carries special sensation fibers of taste from facial nerve
What is the pathway from the glossopharyngeal nerve to the parotid gland
Start w/ glossopharyngeal nerve → branch forms plexus in middle ear cavity → coalesce as single nerve as a lesser petrosal nerve in cranial cavity → exits through foramen ovale → synapses in otic ganglia (located on deep surface of mandibular nerve) → 2nd order neurons reach parotid gland w/ auriculotemporal nerve
The otic ganglia is the location where
Location where 1st & 2nd order neurons synpase
What’s passes through the following:
foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, posterior superior alveolar foramina, mandubular foramen, inferior orbital fissure, petrotympanic fissure, & pterygomaxillary fissure?
Foramen ovale
- Mandibular nerve
Foramen spinosum
- Medial meningeal artery
Posterior superior alveolar foramina
- Arises from the maxillary nerve
Mandibular foramen
- Inferior alveolar artery passes through
Inferior orbital fissure
- Infraorbital artery, nerve & vein pass through it
Petrotympanic fissure
- Chorda tympani passes through
Pterygomaxillary fissure
- Posterior superior alveolar nerve passes through
All sympathetic innervation for the head comes from
T1 of spinal cord
___ nerve block happens in infratemporal fossa
Inferior alveolar
