Nasal Cavity Flashcards
What are the parts of the external nose?
root of nose
dorsum of nose
apex
ala
columella
naris
What are the bones of the external nose?
Frontal, nasal, maxilla, lacrimal, & ethmoid
Is the nose mostly made of bone or cartilage?
Cartilage
What branches of trigeminal nerve provide sensory innervation to the skin? What areas do they distribute to?
CN V1 = top of head to forehead to tip of nose
CN V2 = under eyes to tip of nose (where CN V1 stops) to upper lip
CN V3 = side of face to lower lip to chin
Nasal cavity opens anteriorly through the ___
Nasal cavity opens posteriorly through the ___
nares
choanae
___ contains vibrissae
Vestibule
Name the bones that form the roof, floor, medial wall & lateral wall of the nasal septum
- Roof - cribriform plate of ethmoid, nasal, frontal, & sphenoid bones
- Floor - hard palate (maxillary process & horizontal plate of palatine bone)
- Medial wall - nasal septum (septal cartilage, ethmoid, vomer)
- Lateral wall - conchae & meatus (maxilla, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha, ethmoid, palatine - perpendicular plate)
Label
- Nasal bone
- Frontal process of maxilla
- Middle concha
- Anterior nasal spine
- Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
- Inferior concha
- Vomer
___ makes up most of the lateral wall
Maxillary sinus
The ethmoid bone has which nasal conchae that contribute to nasal cavity?
Has the middle nasal concha & superior nasal conchae
R & L nasal fossae separated by
nasal septum
What are the regions of the superior 1/3 & inferior 2/3 of nasal cavity?
Superior ⅓ = olfactory region
Inferior ⅔ = respiratory region (prepares air to enter lungs)
What’s located under the superior nasal concha?
spheno-ethmoidal recess & opening of posterior ethmoidal sinus
What’s located under the middle nasal concha?
ethmoidal bulla & opening of middle ethmoidal sinus, openings of frontal sinus (located under the hiatus semilunaris) & opening of anterior ethmoidal air cells, openings of maxillary sinus
What’s located under the inferior nasal concha?
opening of nasolacrimal duct
The meatus is a space in the nasal cavity where secretions from the ___ drain
paranasal sinuses
Which meatus is where most sinuses drain?
Middle meatus
What sinuses drain into the middle meatus?
Middle anterior ethmoidal sinus, frontal sinus, & maxillary sinus drain into middle meatus directly or indirectly
The superior meatus drains the ___ & inferior meatus drains
Posterior ethmoidal sinus
Nasolacrimal duct (tears)
What’s the sphenoethmoidal recess?
opening for sphenoid sinus
Space between sphenoid bone & superior nasal conchae
label
- Sphenoethmoidal recess
- Superior meatus
- Middle meatus
- Inferior meatus
Label
- Hiatus semilunaris
- Bulla ethmoidalis
What branch of the ophthalmic artery supplies the nasal cavity? What part of the nasal cavity does it supply?
Anterior & posterior ethmoidal artery
- Anterior ethmoidal artery gives off branches that supply the external nose
- Make it to nasal cavity proper & provide blood supply to lateral wall & they crossover roof of nasal cavity & supply the septum
What branch of the maxillary artery supplies the nasal cavity? What part of the nasal cavity does it supply?
Sphenopalatine artery
- palate
What branch of the facial artery supplies the nasal cavity? What part of the nasal cavity does it supply?
Superior labial artery
- upper lip
Sensory innervation to the nasal cavity is from what nerves? What about for the lateral & posterior wall?
CN V1
Lateral wall: CN V1 (anterior ethmoidal n.) & V2 (nasopalatine n.) Nasopalatine n.
Posterior wall: CN V2 (lateral posterior nasal n.)
What nerve innervates the maxillary sinus & supplies sensation to lateral wall of nasal cavity in the inferior portion
Anterior superior alveolar n (CN V2)
Label
- Anterior ethmoidal n
- Infraorbital n
- Anterior superior alveolar n
- Lateral posterior nasal n
Parasympathetics come from the
pterygopalatine ganglion
Explain the pathway of parasympathetic innervation to nasal glands
Preganglionic parasympathetics come from pterygopalatine ganglion from greater petrosal n. (a branch of facial n.) → joins deep petrosal n. In middle cranial cavity, then enters pterygoid canal → forms nerve of pterygoid canal → reaches pterygopalatine fossa → synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion
What supplies innervation to the lateral & anterior nasal walls?
Innervation to lateral wall comes from lateral nasal n.
Innervation to anterior wall comes w/ blood vessels
What direction do the frontal, ethmoidal, & sphenoidal sinuses drain?
Frontal sinus drains anteriorly
Ethmoidal sinus drains medially
Sphenoidal sinus drains posteriorly
Which sinus underlies the hypophyseal fossa w/ pituitary gland?
Sphenoid sinus
Blood supply to the maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, & frontal sinus is by?
- Blood supply to maxillary sinus = superior alveolar arteries
- Blood supply to sphenoid, ethmoid, & frontal sinus = ethmoidal branches of ophthalmic artery
Innervation to maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, & frontal sinus is by?
Maxillary sinus = superior alveolar n
Frontal sinus = frontal & nasociliary n (branch of CN V1)
Ethmoid sinus = ethmoidal n (CN V1) & branches of CN V2
Sphenoid sinus = posterior ethmoidal n
