Psychosis and schizophrenia

Question 1

What is psychosis?

Answer 1

Loss of shared sense of reality

Question 2

What is schizophrenia?

Answer 2

Split mind, real and imagined

Question 3

A study of all homicide convictions in England donut what percent had contact with mental health

Answer 3

8%

Question 4

What are the main features of psychosis?

Answer 4

Loss of awareness of socially perceived reality

Question 5

Main features of schizophrenia?

Answer 5

Delusional beliefs, hallucinations, avolition

Question 6

What is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Answer 6

Excess cogntition

Question 7

Examples of positive symptoms in schizophrenia

Answer 7

Hearing voices, delusions, disorganised speech

Question 8

What is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

Answer 8

Deficitis in behaviour

Question 9

Examples of negative symptoms in schizophrenia?

Answer 9

Avolition, alogia, anhedonia, flat affect

Question 10

What is avolition?

Answer 10

Lack of interest

Question 11

What is alogia?

Answer 11

Poverty of speech

Question 12

What is anhedonia?

Answer 12

Inability to feel pleasure

Question 13

What is flat affect?

Answer 13

Outward expression but probably not a real experience

Question 14

What are the forms of schizophrenia?

Answer 14

Disorganised, catatonic, paranoid

Question 15

What is disorganised schizophrenia?

Answer 15

Behaviour and speech disorganised

Question 16

What is catatonic schizophrenia?

Answer 16

Apathy, withdrawal states, may later recall

Question 17

What is paranoid schizophrenia?

Answer 17

Delusions prominent, hallucinations

Question 18

What is the prevalence rate of schizophrenia?

Answer 18

1-2 in 100 people

Question 19

What are the most positive symptoms of schizophrenia (Picchioni and Murray)?

Answer 19

Lack of insight, auditory hallucinations, ideas of reference

Question 20

What are the MZ and DZ concordance rates for schizophrenia (Gottesman and Shields)?

Answer 20

MZ= 42%
DZ= 9%

Question 21

Gottesman and Shields found that which symptoms are more genetically linked?

Answer 21

Negative

Question 22

What did Heston find about adopted children with diagnosed schizo mums?

Answer 22

Higher genetic risk

Question 23

What happens to schizo patients ventricles?

Answer 23

they are larger

Question 24

Patients with schizo have increased activity in the _________ and reduced in the _________

Answer 24

Substantia nigra increase
Prefrontal cortex decrease

This suggests their communication is out of sync

Question 25

Frith found that the frontal part of the brain wasn’t alive during voice hallucinations.. what does this mean?

Answer 25

The conscious decision making area is not active

Question 26

How does expressed emotion affect relapse (McFarlane study)?

Answer 26

High EE group- 58% relapsed

Low EE group- 10% relapsed

Question 27

What economic group is schizophrenia most likely?

Answer 27

Low socio-economic group

Question 28

What is poly genetic risk?

Answer 28

It serves as the best prediction for the trait that can be made when taking into account variation in multiple genetic variants

Question 29

What do neuroleptic drugs do?

Answer 29

Block dopamine receptors and reduce positive symtpoms

Question 30

What are some of the side affects of first generation antipsychotics?

Answer 30

Dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia

Question 31

What did Rommee et al find about a continuum of experience?

Answer 31

had people call in (700), 350 struggled to cope. differences in groups in terms of voices and limits