dementia Flashcards
What is needed for a diagnosis for major neurocogntive disorder (or dementia)
1) evidence of significant cognitive decline
2) cognitive deficits interfere with independence in everyday life
what is needed for a diagnosis of mild neurocognitive disorder?
1) evidence of modest cognitive decline from a previous level of performance
2) cognitive deficits do not interfere with capacity for independence in everyday activities
Which class is more likely to get dementia?
low and middle rather than high income
How many people had dementia in 2011?
670000
Which sex is more likely to get dementia?
female
How can alzheimer’s disease begin?
Clumps of amyloid plaque in the brain clumps up.
Lateral ventricles become enlarged.
What underlies vascular dementia?
hemorrhagic stroke or ischemic stroke
When is it alzheimers disease?
when there is a neurodegenerative burden
when is it vascular dementia?
when there is a vascular cerebral lesion burden
what can dementia with lewy bodies result from?
clumps of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin protein
what is lewy bodies?
- Fluctuating cognition with pronounced variations in attention / alertness
- Spontaneous parkinsonism
- Visual hallucinations ranging from abstract shapes / colors to conversations with deceased loved ones
what is frontotemporal dementia?
- Disinhibited ‘odd’ social behaviour
- Euphoria, apathy
- Repetitive compulsive behaviour
What are some cognitive assessments for dementia?
mini mental state exam (MMSE), MOCA, clock drawing, GPCOG
risk factors for dementia
stroke hyertension vitamin D mediterranean diet alcohol consumption smoking physical activity
how can you prevent dementia?
finger trial
