Psychological Influences on Visual Perception

Question 1

what are the 3 psychological influences of visual perception?

Answer 1

motivation: see what we want to see.

Emotion: we could interpret someone’s facial expression

Context: The environment which the stimuli os observed can alter our expectations

Question 1

what are perceptual constancies

Answer 1

• perceptual constantsies enable us to maintain a stable perception of a stumbles although the image on the retina may change shape or size
• the more familiar we are with stimulus the more likely we will maintain a perceptual constancy

Question 2

what are desalts four principles?

Answer 2

figure ground, closure, similarity, proximity

Question 3

what is Figure-ground?

Answer 3

• figure-ground organising: occurs when an object is focused on visually. it will be operated from ground/ background
• figure-ground organisation camouflage: the contour of a figure is deliberately blended with the background unable to see it

Question 4

what is Closure

Answer 4

• closure: occurs when we perceive an object as being whole despite actually being incomplete
• our brain attempts to perceive visual stimuli as a meaningful whole

Question 5

what is Similarity

Answer 5

• similarity: occurs when the individual parts of stimulus are similar

Question 6

what is proximity?

Answer 6

when the individual parts of a stimulus pattern change according to its relation to space

Question 7

what are binocular depth cues

Answer 7

• retinal disparity occurs because our eyes are set about 6-7 centimetres apart
• the brain fuses these two images together

Question 8

what is convergence

Answer 8

• is a depth cue
• the ability to turn the two eyes inward toward each other to look at a close object.

Question 9

what are pectoral depth cues?

Answer 9

used by artists to create a three dimensional perception of something that exists on a 2D surface

Question 10

what are the 5 pectoral depth cues?

Answer 10

• linear perspective
• interposition
• texture gradient
• relative size
• height in the visual field

Question 11

what is linear perspective

Answer 11

• the mild convergence of parallel lines as they extend towards the horizon is an example of linear perspective.

Question 12

what is interposition (overlap)

Answer 12

• is based on the partial blocking or obscuring of one object by another. the obscured object is perceived to be further away than the obscured object.

Question 13

what is texture gradient

Answer 13

• is used to make surfaces in a picture appear to recede into the distance. As the surface get further away, the detail of the surface decrease.

Question 14

what is relative size

Answer 14

is based on our tenancy to perceive the object producing the largest retinal image as being the furthest.

Question 15

what is height in the visual field

Answer 15

• shows depth by portraying objects farther away as being closer to the horizon. On the ground objects closer to horizon will also be further away.