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BELLE MCAT Psych/Soc > Psychologic Disorders > Flashcards

Psychologic Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Diagnosed by having a minimum of a 2 week period including 5 or more of the following symptoms:

  • Intense sadness
  • Anhedonia
  • Weight change
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Appetite disturbance
  • Reduced energy
  • excessive guilt or worthlessness
  • psychomotor symptoms
  • focussing difficulties
  • suicidal thoughts
A

Major Depressive Disorder

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2
Q

Anhedonia

A

Lack of interest in activities previously enjoyable

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3
Q

Less intense form of depression that must occur for at least 2 years

A

Dysthymia

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4
Q

Experiencing significant depressive symptoms for 2 years or longer

A

Persistent Depressive Disorder

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5
Q

Characterized by mania and depressive episodes

A

Bipolar 1

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6
Q

Characterized by mostly depression and hypomania

A

Bipolar 2

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7
Q

A less intense experience of mania that may not dramatically interfere with life functioning

A

Hypomania

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8
Q

Similar to bipolar 2 but has a lower intensity of depression

A

Cyclothymic disorder

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9
Q

disproportionate level of stress and worry regarding a diverse range of otherwise routing aspects of life

A

Generalized Anxiety disorder

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10
Q

Intense feelings of stress linked to social situations and fear of embarassment

A

Social anxiety disorder

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11
Q

Excessive concern about medical conditions in the absence of physical symptoms

A

Illness anxiety disorder

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12
Q

Physical symptoms involving the impairment of sensory or voluntary motor function

A

Conversion disorder

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13
Q

Excessive preoccupation or focus on a physical symptom

A

Somatic Symptom

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14
Q

Disconnection form ones routine state of consciousness or personality

A

Dissociative disorders

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15
Q

2 or more distinct personalities

Tends to occur in people with extreme trauma

A

DIssociative personality diorder

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16
Q

Form of retrograde amnesia in which people lose episodic memories about their lives

A

Dissociative amnesia

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17
Q

pattern in which people feel a sense of unreality about their own existence
Feel as though they are observing themselves from a distance

A

Depersonalization/Derealization Dissociative Disorder

18
Q

True or false: A biomedical psychologist would attempt to cure a man’s depression by treating the underlying biological problems with corrective medication. However, a biopsychosocial psychologist would disagree with using medication, instead choosing to cure the man’s depression with talk therapy.

A

This statement is false. A biopsychosocial psychologist would be inclined to treat all factors relating to a psychological disorder. They would not exclude a biological treatment for a disease in favor of a non-biological treatment. Instead of excluding medication, the biopsychosocial psychologist would also include social and emotional treatments for a disease, realizing that these factors impact a person’s mental health.

19
Q

True or False: the DSM-5 characterizes disorders with regard to their symptoms, biological basis, and treatment

A

The DSM-V classifies mental disorders based on the symptoms presented, not based on biological conditions present. For instance, a person would not be considered depressed because of an underactive amygdala, but because of feelings of sadness, etc.

20
Q

True or false: Bipolar disorder 1 is characterized by the presence of at least one manic episode with or without depression. Bipolar disorder 2 is characterized by the presence of major depression plus hypomania.

A

This statement is true. Mania is a period of one week where a patient fits three or more symptoms, including: grandiosity (outrageous dreams or expectations of the future), reduced need for sleep, rapid speech, etc. Hypomania is a period of less intense mania.

21
Q

What disorders/conditions are related to dopamine?

A

Schizophrenia, Parkinsons, and Depression

22
Q

What disorder is associated with serotonin?

A

Depression

23
Q

What conditon is characterized by the presence of beta mayloid plaques and tau neurofribullary tangles?

A

Alzheimers

24
Q

This condition is highly heritable and is characterized by high levels of dopamine

A

Schcizophrenia

25
Q

This condition is associated with degradation of the substantia nigra

A

Parkinsons

26
Q

Cluster A personality disorders

A

Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal

27
Q

Cluster B personality disorders

A

Antisocial
Narcissistic
Histrionic
Borderline

28
Q

Cluster C personality disorders

A

Avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive personality

29
Q

Echopraxia

A

Echoing of others actions

30
Q

Echolalia

A

Echoing of others words

31
Q

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Hallucinations, Delisions, disorganized thoughts, catatonia, disturbance of affect

32
Q

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Dminished levels of emotional intensity

33
Q

when a person has no outward reaction to an emotional stimulus, such as Lisa not displaying an outward reaction to a joke, they are experiencing a…

A

flattening effect.

34
Q

ego-syntonic

A

personality disorder, goals, and desires align

35
Q

Which of the following is the traditional “first-line treatment” for schizophrenia?

A

Neuroleptics are dopamine antagonists with cognitive side-effects. They are the primary first-line treatment used against schizophrenia, although second-generation antipsychotics such as clozapine have also been shown to be effective.

36
Q

schizoid v schizotypal

A

schizoid (emotional aloofness and social isolation) and schizotypal (discomfort in social contexts, mixed with “weird” delusions or beliefs).

37
Q

narcissitic v histronic

A

narcissistic (destructive relationships, tendency to seek out power and gratify the ego) and histrionic (theatrical, attention seeking behavior)

38
Q

This personality type has significant risk of abusive relationships

A

Dependent (Cluster C)

39
Q

This personality is concerned with order, rules, perfectionism, and are stubborn/inflexible.

A

Obsessive Compulsive (Cluster C).

40
Q

This personality has a persistent sense of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to criticism.

A

Avoidant (Cluster C).

41
Q

This personality has:
High level of distrust towards others
Jealousy
Tendency to interpret innocent actions as involving malevolent intent

A

Paranoid (Cluster A)

BELLE MCAT Psych/Soc (24 decks)

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