Psychologic Disorders Flashcards
Diagnosed by having a minimum of a 2 week period including 5 or more of the following symptoms:
- Intense sadness
- Anhedonia
- Weight change
- Sleep disturbance
- Appetite disturbance
- Reduced energy
- excessive guilt or worthlessness
- psychomotor symptoms
- focussing difficulties
- suicidal thoughts
Major Depressive Disorder
Anhedonia
Lack of interest in activities previously enjoyable
Less intense form of depression that must occur for at least 2 years
Dysthymia
Experiencing significant depressive symptoms for 2 years or longer
Persistent Depressive Disorder
Characterized by mania and depressive episodes
Bipolar 1
Characterized by mostly depression and hypomania
Bipolar 2
A less intense experience of mania that may not dramatically interfere with life functioning
Hypomania
Similar to bipolar 2 but has a lower intensity of depression
Cyclothymic disorder
disproportionate level of stress and worry regarding a diverse range of otherwise routing aspects of life
Generalized Anxiety disorder
Intense feelings of stress linked to social situations and fear of embarassment
Social anxiety disorder
Excessive concern about medical conditions in the absence of physical symptoms
Illness anxiety disorder
Physical symptoms involving the impairment of sensory or voluntary motor function
Conversion disorder
Excessive preoccupation or focus on a physical symptom
Somatic Symptom
Disconnection form ones routine state of consciousness or personality
Dissociative disorders
2 or more distinct personalities
Tends to occur in people with extreme trauma
DIssociative personality diorder
Form of retrograde amnesia in which people lose episodic memories about their lives
Dissociative amnesia
pattern in which people feel a sense of unreality about their own existence
Feel as though they are observing themselves from a distance
Depersonalization/Derealization Dissociative Disorder
True or false: A biomedical psychologist would attempt to cure a man’s depression by treating the underlying biological problems with corrective medication. However, a biopsychosocial psychologist would disagree with using medication, instead choosing to cure the man’s depression with talk therapy.
This statement is false. A biopsychosocial psychologist would be inclined to treat all factors relating to a psychological disorder. They would not exclude a biological treatment for a disease in favor of a non-biological treatment. Instead of excluding medication, the biopsychosocial psychologist would also include social and emotional treatments for a disease, realizing that these factors impact a person’s mental health.
True or False: the DSM-5 characterizes disorders with regard to their symptoms, biological basis, and treatment
The DSM-V classifies mental disorders based on the symptoms presented, not based on biological conditions present. For instance, a person would not be considered depressed because of an underactive amygdala, but because of feelings of sadness, etc.
True or false: Bipolar disorder 1 is characterized by the presence of at least one manic episode with or without depression. Bipolar disorder 2 is characterized by the presence of major depression plus hypomania.
This statement is true. Mania is a period of one week where a patient fits three or more symptoms, including: grandiosity (outrageous dreams or expectations of the future), reduced need for sleep, rapid speech, etc. Hypomania is a period of less intense mania.
What disorders/conditions are related to dopamine?
Schizophrenia, Parkinsons, and Depression
What disorder is associated with serotonin?
Depression
What conditon is characterized by the presence of beta mayloid plaques and tau neurofribullary tangles?
Alzheimers
This condition is highly heritable and is characterized by high levels of dopamine
Schcizophrenia
This condition is associated with degradation of the substantia nigra
Parkinsons
Cluster A personality disorders
Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal
Cluster B personality disorders
Antisocial
Narcissistic
Histrionic
Borderline
Cluster C personality disorders
Avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive personality
Echopraxia
Echoing of others actions
Echolalia
Echoing of others words
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Hallucinations, Delisions, disorganized thoughts, catatonia, disturbance of affect
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Dminished levels of emotional intensity
when a person has no outward reaction to an emotional stimulus, such as Lisa not displaying an outward reaction to a joke, they are experiencing a…
flattening effect.
ego-syntonic
personality disorder, goals, and desires align
Which of the following is the traditional “first-line treatment” for schizophrenia?
Neuroleptics are dopamine antagonists with cognitive side-effects. They are the primary first-line treatment used against schizophrenia, although second-generation antipsychotics such as clozapine have also been shown to be effective.
schizoid v schizotypal
schizoid (emotional aloofness and social isolation) and schizotypal (discomfort in social contexts, mixed with “weird” delusions or beliefs).
narcissitic v histronic
narcissistic (destructive relationships, tendency to seek out power and gratify the ego) and histrionic (theatrical, attention seeking behavior)
This personality type has significant risk of abusive relationships
Dependent (Cluster C)
This personality is concerned with order, rules, perfectionism, and are stubborn/inflexible.
Obsessive Compulsive (Cluster C).
This personality has a persistent sense of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to criticism.
Avoidant (Cluster C).
This personality has:
High level of distrust towards others
Jealousy
Tendency to interpret innocent actions as involving malevolent intent
Paranoid (Cluster A)
