Motivation

Question 1

Hardwired fixed behavioral patterns

Answer 1

Instincts

Question 2

Excitatory state cause by homeostatic disturbance

Answer 2

Drive

Question 3

motivation comes about from the desire to return to homeostasis

Answer 3

Drive Reduction Theory

Question 4

True or False: hunger, thirst, and temperature regulation are all examples of secondary drives

Answer 4

False, these are primary drives

Question 5

What are some examples of Secondary Drives?

Answer 5

Social prestige, acceptance, appreciation

Question 6

List Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs from bottom to top

Answer 6

Physiological needs (food, water), Safety (housing, family), Love and Belonging (friendship, sex), Esteem, Self Actualization

Question 7

Theory that postulates that humans respond rationally to external incentives

Answer 7

Incentive Theory of Motivation

Question 8

What are examples of primary enforcers?

Answer 8

rewards like food or water

Question 9

What are some examples of secondary reinforcers?

Answer 9

Recognition or appreciation

Question 10

What theory postulates that motivation is a reflection of a balance between expectancies and values

Answer 10

Expectancy Value Theory

Question 11

Theory that puts emphasis placed on intrinsic motivation; people feel inherently motivated to engage in tasks that they are competent at performing

Answer 11

Self Determination Theory

Question 12

This theory is often used as a model to explain drug addiction. This theory states that many human behaviors and emotional responses have two antagonistic components. For example, a drug addict feels pleasure (the euphoria associated with certain neurotransmitter) when he takes the drug, but withdrawal (the lack of these neurotransmitters, causing unhappiness) when he stops.

Answer 12

Opponent Process Theory

Question 13

Defined as psychological orientations that people have towards another person, activity, or topic in general

Answer 13

Attitude

Question 14

What are the three components of attitude?

Answer 14

Affective (feelings), Behavioral (actions), and Cognitive (Analytic perceptions)

Question 15

If people define a situation as real, those situations have real consequences

Answer 15

Thomas Theorem

Question 16

Modeling desired attitudes and behaviors can be strong method of changing attitudes, established social norms are also a very powerful persuasion

Answer 16

Social Cognitive Model

Question 17

Elaboration Likelihood Model

Answer 17

The model aims to explain different ways of processing stimuli, why they are used, and their outcomes on attitude change. It describes the process of central route and peripheral route processing.

Question 18

Processing used when you have more time, have the capacity for deeper thinking, and it is based on advantages and disadvantages of choices

Answer 18

Central Route Processing

Question 19

Processing used based on superficial decisions, surface level characteristics, and gut reactions

Answer 19

Peripheral Route Processing