Memory

Question 1

After overhearing the word ”party” in a whispered conversation, Mark is able to more quickly make out other phrases like “tomorrow” and “don’t tell Mark”.

Answer 1

Positive priming

Question 2

Chris remembers her 16 digit credit card number by breaking it down into groups of 4 numbers.

Answer 2

Chunking

Question 3

While writing a history paper, Tom misattributes a quote.

Answer 3

Source monitoring error

Question 4

Susan recalls her friends’ birthdays by visualizing and associating the dates with landmarks on her walk home.

Answer 4

Method of loci

Question 5

n a research study, Bill is repeatedly told to pick up a fork. When researchers tell Bill to pick up a spoon, he hesitates and initially reaches for the fork.

Answer 5

Negative priming

Question 6

Hearing the word “Paris” makes Rachel think of the Eiffel Tower, croissants, and art museums.

Answer 6

Spreading activation theory

Question 7

What is the difference between procedural and explicit memory?

Answer 7

One method of distinguishing procedural memory from explicit memory is to ask yourself if the information can be easily taught through verbal instructions.

Question 8

Knowing how to swim

Answer 8

Procedural memory

Question 9

Recalling the date of your birthday

Answer 9

Explicit memory

Question 10

Repeating a random series of numbers after someone

Answer 10

Short-term memory

Question 11

Reminiscing a summer vacation

Answer 11

Episodic memory

Question 12

Using basic arithmetic while doing mental math

Answer 12

Working memory

Question 13

older memories inhibit the consolidation/retrieval of new memories

Answer 13

proactive interference

Question 14

new memories or knowledge interferes with older knowledge

Answer 14

retroactive interference

Question 15

what are the types of amnesia

Answer 15

retro and anterograde amnesia

Question 16

Korsakaff’s Syndrome

Answer 16

causes anterograde and retrograde Amneisa, confabulation where people create elaborate false stories, nutritional deficiency of thiamine (b12).

Question 17

True or false: the misinformation effect refers to when people forget the source of information.

Answer 17

This statement is false. The statement is a definition of source monitoring error. The misinformation effect refers to when new information influences our recall or perception of previous experiences.

Question 18

Kevin struggles to drive his new car despite previously being an excellent driver. This is an example of:

Answer 18

Anterograde interference. Kevin’s comfort and skill with his old car is hindering his ability to adapt to driving his new car. This is an example of anterograde interference because his prior knowledge and memory are preventing him from learning a new way of doing things.

Question 19

Ebbinghaus forgetting curve

Answer 19

The Ebbinghaus forgetting curve simply shows that continuously reviewing information will slow down the process of forgetting.

Question 20

Presenting information in various formats enhances recall.

Answer 20

This is known as the dual-coding effect.

Question 21

study over a long period instead of cramming all the information right before the exam because sustained studying improves recall.

Answer 21

The spacing effect

Question 22

True or False: positive and negative priming both have to do with the encoding of information

Answer 22

False, with the recell

Question 23

When Angela is recalling the first baseball game she attended, she is retrieving a(n):

Answer 23

episodic memory

Question 24

After learning that a student had cheated on an exam, a professor perceives the student as being dishonest and suspicious during previous interactions. This is an example of:

Answer 24

the misinformation effect

Question 25

Fluid intelligence

Answer 25

ability to learn new skills

Question 26

Crystallized intelligence

Answer 26

Crystallized intelligence refers to all the accumulated knowledge from life experiences. As people age, they have more experiences, which increases their crystallized intelligence.