PSW Ch. 32 Flashcards
true/false
the skin is the body’s first line of defence against disease
true
true/false
the tympanic membrane is found in the ear
true
true/false
fingernails and toenails are part of the integumentary system
true
true/false
bones are dead
false
true/false
a function of the muscular system is to provide the body with heat
true
true/false
the function of the urinary system is to remove waste products from the blood
true
the process of cell division is called…
mitosis
true/false
the function of the lungs is to allow respirations
true
true/false
the master gland of the endocrine system is the pituitary gland
true
true/false
glucocorticoids regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates
true
true/false
cartilage is connective tissue that prevents bine ends from rubbing together
true
what are the basic structures of a cell?
cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm
what makes up the circulatory system?
blood, heart, vessels
specialized connective tissue includes…
blood, bone, adipose, dense fibrous
what types of bones are there?
- flat
- short
- irregular
- long
- sesamoid
what body function burns food for heat and energy?
metabolism
what does the urinary system consist of?
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder
smooth muscles may be found in the…
digestive tract
the middle layer of the skin is called..
dermis
what do tendons connect
muscle to bone
what type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
artery
what does the cerebellum do?
regulates and controls body movement
where does the highest function of the brain take place?
cerebral cortex
what do the endocrine glands secrete?
hormones
what is the major function of the thyroid gland?
regulates metabolism
terms/definitions
artery
blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
terms/definitions
capillary
tiny blood vessels that allows food, oxygen, and other substances to pass to the cells
terms/definitions
cell
basic unit of body structure
terms/definitions
digestion
process of physically and chemically breaking down food so it can be absorbed for use by the cells of the body
terms/definitions
metabolism
burning of food by the cells to produce heat and energy
terms/definitions
organ
group of tissues with the same function
terms/definitions
peristalsis
muscle contractions in the digestive system that move food through the alimentary canal
terms/definitions
system
organs that work together to preform special functions
terms/definitions
tissue
group of cells with the same function
terms/definitions
vein
blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart
tissues major function
epithelial tissue
covers internal and external body surfaces
tissues major function
connective tissue
anchors, connects, and supports other body tissues
tissues major function
muscle tissue
allows the body to move by stretching and cotracting
tissues major function
nerve tissue
relays information to and from the brian throughout the body
bones major function
long bones
bear the weight of the body
bones major function
short bones
allow skill and ease in movement
bones major function
flat bones
protect the organs
bones major function
irregular bones
allow various degrees of movement and flexibility
terms/definitions
bladder
hollow muscular sac that stores urine
terms/definitions
chyme
semi-liquid food mixture formed in stomach
terms/definitions
colon
portion of the gastrointestinal tract that absorbs water
terms/definitions
duodenum
structure that adds digestive juices to chyme
terms/definitions
jejunum
a portion of the gastrointestinal tract that absorbs food
terms/definitions
kidney
bean-shaped structure that produces urine
terms/definitions
liver
produces bile
terms/definitions
meatus
opening from the bladder at the end of the urethra
terms/definitions
nephron
basic working unit of the kidney
terms/definition
pancreas
produces digestive juices
terms/definitions
urethra
structure that allows urine to pass from the bladder
terms/definitions
saliva
moistens food particles in the mouth
pituitary hormone and effects
growth hormone
causes growth of muscles, bones, and other organs
pituitary hormone and effects
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
enables thyroid gland function
pituitary hormone and effects
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
stimulates the adrenal gland
pituitary hormone and effects
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
prevents the kidneys from excreting excessive amounts of water
pituitary hormone and effects
Oxytocin
causes the uterine muscles to contract during childbirth
hormone action
epinephrine
stimulates the body to produce energy during emergencies
hormone action
estrogen
sex hormone secreted by ovaries
hormone action
insulin
released by pancreas and regulates sugar in the blood
hormone action
parathyroid hormone
regulates calcium level in the body
hormone action
testosterone
sex hormone secreted by testes
hormone action
thyroxine
regulates metabolism
cell/substance function
antibodies
attack and destroy abnormal or unwanted substances
cell/substance function
antigens
cause the body to produce antibodies
cell/substance function
B lymphocytes
cause the production of antibodies that circulate in the plasma
cell/substance function
phagocytes
digest and destroy microorganisms and other unwanted sibstances
cell/substance function
lymphocytes
produce antibodies
cell/substance function
T lymphocytes
destroy invading cells or attract other cells that destroy invading cells
what is the function of the nervous system?
controls, directs and coordinates body function
what are the function of the ovaries?
- release ova
- secretes estrogen and progesterone
urine is made up of waste products filtered out of what organ?
the kidney
