PSTMLS Flashcards

1
Q

Theories in Behaviorist- Associationist

A
  1. Connectionism
  2. Operant Conditioning
  3. Classical Conditioning
  4. Contiguous Conditioning
  5. Human Associative Learning
  6. Systematic Behavior Theory
  7. Stimulus Sampling Theory
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2
Q

Founder of Connectionism
Founder of Learning Theory

A

Edward Lee Thorndike

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3
Q

Organism forms associative bonding or connection between Stimuli and Response

A

Connectionism

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4
Q

What are the aspects of Human Activity according to Connectionism

A

Stimulating Situation
Response
Connection

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5
Q

4 principles of Connectionism

A
  1. Law of Belongingness
  2. Law of Effect
  3. Law of Exercise
  4. Law of Readiness
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6
Q

“Connections that are readily made because they seem
to be together”

A
  1. Law of Belongingness
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7
Q

“Stimuli-Response-Stimuli or Stimuli-Response-Antecedent Response”

A
  1. Law of Effect:
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8
Q

“Law of Use vs Law of Disuse”

A
  1. Law of Exercise
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9
Q

The learner must be matured to welcome learning

A
  1. Law of Readiness
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10
Q

Founder of Operant Conditioning

A

Burrhus Frederick Skinner

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11
Q

One’s behavior is shape
through reinforcement
and punishment

A

OPERANT CONDITIONING

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12
Q

Responses produce by the
organism that acts on
the environment

A

OPERANT CONDITIONING

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13
Q

Principles of Operant Conditioning

A
  1. Reinforcement
  2. Punishment
  3. Shaping
  4. Extinction
  5. Generalization
  6. Discrimination
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14
Q

“ refers to any conditioning that strengthens a particular action.”
– Positive
– Negative

A

REINFORCEMENT

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15
Q

“refers to any conditioning that weakens a particular action”
– Positive
– Negative

A

PUNISHMENT

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16
Q
  • used to teach animals or behaviors that they have never

performed before w/rewards

A

SHAPING

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17
Q

refers to diminishing response when it is not ff by a reward.

A

EXTINCTION

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18
Q
  • refers to an act of responding to a new stimulus in a similar

way as to a conditioned stimulus.

A

GENERALIZATION

19
Q
  • is the desired effect that the learner emit a specific response at a certain time on certain conditions.
A

DISCRIMINATION

20
Q

Founder of Principles of Conditioned Response or Classical Conditioning

A

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

21
Q

“A Neutral Stimulus, when
repeatedly paired with a
stimulus that normally
elicit a response, comes to
elicit a similar or identical
response

A

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

22
Q

PRINCIPLES OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

A
  1. Acquisition
  2. Extinction
  3. Spontaneous Recovery
  4. Generalization
  5. Discrimination
23
Q

The speed of conditioning may occur quickly if the CS is followed by a presentation of the UCS.

A

ACQUISITION

24
Q

Represents reduction or decreasing of a behavioral

response d/t absence of reinforcement.

A

EXTINCTION**

25
Q

The response that have been learned extinguished can

reappear even w/o retraining

A

SPONTANEOUS RECOVERY**

26
Q

FACTORS AFFECTING CLASSICAL
CONDITIONING

A
  1. Conditioned Stimulus
  2. Time Control
  3. # of Trials
27
Q

Refers to an act of responding to a new stimulus in a
similar way as to a conditioned stimulus.

A

GENERALIZATION

28
Q

Giving a learned response to a single specific object.

A

DISCRIMINATION

29
Q

Founder of Contiguity Theory

A

Edwin Ray Guthrie

30
Q

“A combination of stimuli which
has accompanied a movement
will on it s recurrence tend to
be followed by that movement

A

Contiguity Theory

31
Q

Basic Principles of Contiguity Theory

A
  1. One Trial Learning
  2. The Recency Principle
  3. Movement Produced Stimuli
32
Q

“ a stimulus pattern gain its full associative
strength on the occasion of its first pairing w/
response”

A

One Trial Learning

33
Q

The last event or any situation w/c was done last in
the presence of a set of stimuli will tend to be done
again if those circumstances are repeated.

A

The Recency Principle

34
Q

Techniques for Breaking Habits

A
  1. Exhaustion Method
  2. Threshold Method
  3. Incompatible Response Method
35
Q
  • doing an act until it is no longer enjoyable
A

Exhaustion Method

36
Q
  • introducing the stimulus that is weak, then gradually increasing the difficulty
A

Threshold Method

37
Q

The stimuli for undesired response are presented along w/ the other stimuli that produce a response incompatible w/ the
undesired response.

A

Incompatible Response Method

38
Q

“ Founder of Experimental Psychology”

HUMAN ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING

A

Hermann Ebbinghaus

39
Q

Learning and Memory Through Psychology

A

HUMAN ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING

40
Q

Founder of Systematic Behavior Theory

“Drive-Reduction”

A

Clark L. Hull

41
Q

Hypothesized that
animals learn quickly
if (+) immediate
reward or
reinforcement

A

SYSTEMATIC BEHAVIOUR THEORY

42
Q

Founder of Stimulus Sampling Theory

Statistical Learning theory

A

William Kaye Estes

43
Q

refers to a number of theories differing with
respect to special assumptions and their
mathematical expression

A

Stimulus Sampling Theory

44
Q

Sharing a common approach to conceptual
representation of the stimulus situation and the
formation of associative connections, rather than to
a single coherent set of assumptions formulated to
apply to all the experimental procedures employed
in the study of learning”

A

Stimulus Sampling Theory