MTLB Flashcards
Defined as a branch of philosophy that deals with the morality of human conduct
ETHICS
is the quality of human conduct
MORALITY
ethics is derived from the greek word ________meaning __________
ETHOS
Customs, Character, or Behavior
Three Categories of Ethical Theories
Normative Ethics
Meta-ethics
Applied Ethics
Seeks to set norms or standards for conduct
Normative Ethics
also known as analytical ethics, does not deal with the substantive content of ethical theories or moral judgement but rather with questions about their nature, such as the question whether moral judgement are objective or subjective
Meta-ethics
aka Practical Ethics, is the application of normative ethical theories to practical problem
Applied Ethics
Parameters to determine if human act is good
A. The act must be good itself
B. The act must be good on its end
C. The circumstance other than end must be good
an act performed by a person with full knowledge, or intelligence on his or her own volition and free will
HUMAN ACT
Factors that affect human act
a. Knowledge
b. Freedom
c. Voluntariness
absence of the factors of human act will not act as human act but as ___________________
act of a human
4 Basic Biological Principles
- Stewardship principle
- Totality principle
- Double effect principle
- Principle of cooperation
embodies the concept that a steward has the obligation to take good care and improve a thing or asset entrusted to him/her
Stewardship Principle
Means that the parts of the physical entity, as parts, are ordained to the good of the physical whole
Totality Principle
contemplates that it is permissible to cause harm as a side effect of bringing about a good result even though it would not be permissible to case such a harm as a means to bringing about the same good end
Double Effect Principle
is a bioethical concept that differentiates the action of a wrong doer from the action of the cooperator
Principle of Cooperation
is defined as willing participation on the part of the cooperative agent in the sinful act of the principle agent
Formal Cooperation
occurs when the cooperator does not intend the object of the wrongdoers activity but actively participating in the deed by which the evil is performed
Material Cooperation
4 Major Bioethical Principles
- Principle of Respect and Autonomy
- Principle of Beneficence
- Principle of Non-maleficence
- Principle of Justice
entails that health care professionals should respect the autonomous decisions of competent adult
Principle of Respect and Autonomy
holds that health care should aim to do good
Principle of Beneficence
requires that healthcare professionals should do no harm
Principle of Non-maleficence
holds that health care professionals should act fairly when the interests of different individuals or groups are in competition
Principle of Justice
refers to balancing the competing interest of individual and group against each other
Comparative justice
refers to the fair distribution of health care services to all
Distributive Justice
is concerned with the standards and moral conduct that govern a profession and its members
Professional ethics
is the field of applied ethics that encompasses the vast array of moral decision-making that arise in the practice of medicine in addition to the procedures and policies that are designed to guide such practice
Health Care Ethics
Revised Code of Ethics for Medical Technology was enacted on _________________
March 7, 1997
AN ACT REQUIRING THE REGISTRATION OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGISTS, DEFINING THEIR PRACTICE, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
RA 5527
indicates a deficiency of action
If a person fails to take the necessary precaution to avoid injury to a person
IMPRUDENCE
points to a deficiency of perception
If a person fails to pay proper attention and to use due diligence in foreseeing injury or damage about to occur
NEGLIGENCE
Crime that is punishable by the Revised Penal Code
FELONY
Crime that is penalized by other Special Penal Laws
OFFENSE
is an ethical dispute that requires the application of ethical principles for its resolution
BIOETHICAL ISSUE
tissue transplanted from one part of the body to another in the same individual
autograph or autotransplant
transplant of an organ or tissue from one individual to another
allograph or homograph
A surgical graft of tissue from animals to humans is called
xenograph or heterograph
