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PLE Microbiology > Protozoa > Flashcards

Protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

Mode of infection of Giardia

A

Fecal-oral transmission

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2
Q

Infective stage of Giardia

A

Cysts

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3
Q

Symptoms of Giardia

A

Foul smelling diarrhea

Steatorrhea

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4
Q

Trophozoite shape

A

Ventral Sucker, shield like shape

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5
Q

Trophozoitte mode of illness

A

Attach to intestine, nbut not invade

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6
Q

Diagnosis of Giardia

A

Stool O&P - trophozoites on stool

ELISA Stool antigen

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7
Q

Treatment of Giardia

A

Metronidazole

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8
Q

Transmission of Entamoeba Histolytica

A

Cysts from contaminated water

Anal sex

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9
Q

Trophozoite mode of action

A

Invade intestine, travel to liver, usually right lobe

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10
Q

Symptoms of Entamoeba histolytica

A 
Liver abscess
Intestinal amoebiasis (bloody diarrhea, ulcerations
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11
Q

Flask shaped ulcers accociated with

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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12
Q

Diagnostic of Entamoeba histolytica

A

Trophozoites with endocytosed RBC in stool

Cysts / trophozoites in stool

ELISA for antibodies

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13
Q

Treatment of Entamoeba histolytica

A

Metronidazole

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14
Q

Luminal agents for entamoeba histolitica, for cysts

A

Paramycin

Iodoquinol

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15
Q

Most common cause of Diarrhea in HIV patient

A

Cryptosporidium

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16
Q

Morphology of cryptosporidum

A

Unicelluilar acid fast

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17
Q

Transmission of cryptosporidium

A

Ingestion of Cysts

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18
Q

Cysts of cryptosporidium contain how many sporozoites

A

4

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19
Q

Infection method of cryptosporidium

A

Sporozoites attach to intestinal wall

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20
Q

Treatment of Cryptosporidiuym

A

Nitrozoxanide

Spiramycin

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21
Q

Location of toxoplasma

A

Intracellular

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22
Q

Populatuions at risk for Toxoplasma

A

Pregnant, immunocompromised

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23
Q

Infection transmission

A

Uncooked meat containing cysts
Oocytes in animal feces
Transplacental

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24
Q

Clinical manifestations of Toxoplasma

A

Brain abscess with ring enhancing lesions on CT/MRI

Encephalitis

Congenital: Chorioretinitis, Calcifications in brain, Hydrocephalus, Seizure
Deafness

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25
Brain enceph from Toxoplasma mimics what
CNS lymphoma
26
Diagnosis of Toxoplasmna
Serology\ | Biopsy with intramuscular cysts
27
Treatment of Toxoplasmosis
Sulfadiazine, Pyrimethamine
28
Prophylaxis given for immunocompromised begins at what CD4 count to prevent Toxoplasma
<100 Cotrimoxazole
29
African sleeping sickness is caused by
Trypanosoma brucei
30
Trypanosoma brucei vector is:
Tsetse fly
31
Clinical manifestations of African sleeping sickness
Coma Cervical lymphadenopathy Recurrent fever, undulating
32
Diagnosis of Trypanosoma brucei
Trypomastigotes on blood smear, lymph node, or spine CSF
33
Mechanism of recurrent fever in Trypanosoma brucei
Antigenic variation
34
Motility of Trypanosoma brucei
Flagella
35
Treatment for Trypanosoma brucei
Melarsoprol - CNS | Suramin - peripheral blood
36
Naegleria fowleri habitat
Freshwater
37
Infection of Naegleria fowleri
phozoite enters nose from water sports or infected water / nasal irrigation--> cribriform plate --> infects CNS
38
Clinical manifestations of Naegleria Fowleri
Meningoencephalitis | rapidly fatal
39
Primary amebic meningitis is caused by?
Naegleria fowleri
40
Diagnosis of Naegleria
Lumbar tap showing protozoan
41
Treatment of Naegleria Fowleri
Amphotericin
42
Chagas Disease is caused by
Trypanosoma cruzi
43
Vector of Trypanosoma Cruzi
Kissing Bug Reduviid
44
Infection mode of trypanosoma cruzi
Kissing bug feces dropped on human skin and human scratches,reaching bloodstream, and burrows on endocardium
45
Clinical manifestations of Chagas Disease
Megacolon Dilated cardiomyopathy Mega esophagus
46
Diagnosis of Chagas Disease
Blood smear during active infection Serology Trypanosomes on biopsy
47
Treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi
Nifurtimox - acute | Chronic - none
48
Parasite which causes malaria-like symptoms
Babesia
49
Clinical symptoms of babesia
Hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, jaundice, fever - irregularly cycling, sickle cell disease have higher risk
50
Vector of babesia
Ixodes tick saliva
51
Diagnosis of babesia
Thick blood smear
52
Maltese cross appearance is?
Appearance of Babesia trophozoites in RBC
53
Treatment of babesiosis
Atovaquone | Azithromycin
54
Diagnosis of malaria
Blood smear with Giemsa stain
55
Quartan feveln fever is associated with what plasmodium
Plasmodium malariae
56
Dormant hypnozoites are formed in what malaria specie
P. Ovale | P. Vivax
57
Tertian fever is found in what malaria
P. Ovale | P. Vivax
58
Maralria causing irregular fever pattern
P. falciparum
59
Malaria presenting with CNS symptoms
P. falciparum
60
Morphology of P. falciparum
Banana shapoed in blood smear
61
Anti malarial drug blocking plasmodium-heme
Chloroquine
62
Antimalarial drug which destroyes hypnozoites, dormant cells in liver
Primaquine
63
If chloroquine resistant, what drug do you use
Mefloquine, atovaquone, proguanil
64
Treatment of P falciparumn
Artemesin + Quinidine | Coartemq
65
Life cycle stage transmitted by anopheles
Sporozoites
66
Sporozoites mature to what and where?
Trophozoites, liver
67
Trophozoites matured in the liver spread by becoming?
Schizont, which divides to merozoites
68
Life cycle in RBC
Merozoite matures again to trophozoite, become shizont and fivide into more merozoites, or it can produce gametocytes and divide sexually
69
Ring form life cycle of malaria
Schizont
70
Host of leishmania brazilensis
Vertebrates
71
Cutaneous leishmaniasis are caused by
Leishmania braziliensis
72
Vector of leishmania
Sandflies
73
Transmission of leishmania
Sandfly - promastigote Human - amastigote in macrophage
74
Visceral leishmanaiasis is caused by
Leishmania Donovani
75
Black fever oir Kala-azar is caused by
Leishmania Donovani
76
Manifestations of visceralleishmaniasis
Hepatosplenomegaly | Pancytopenia
77
Treatment of leishmaniasis
Stibugluconate - cutaneous | Amphotericin B - Visceral
78
Cervicitis, strawberry cervix is associated with
Trichomonas vaginalis
79
Symptoms of trichomonas
Burning, itching, yellow green discharge
80
Diagnosis of Trichomonas
Wet mount - motile trophozoites
81
pH of vaginal fluid infected with trichomonas
> 4.5
82
Treatment of trichomonas
Metronidazole

PLE Microbiology (9 decks)

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